安装
现在，我们将通过 apt 包管理器安装 MySQL。执行下udo apt install mysql-server。具体日志如下：
cat@lubancat:~/lugl/my_project$ sudo apt install mysql-server
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
accountsservice-ubuntu-schemas activity-log-manager apg aptdaemon aptdaemon-data cracklib-runtime gedit
gedit-common gir1.2-accountsservice-1.0 gir1.2-adw-1 gir1.2-gck-1 gir1.2-gcr-3 gir1.2-gdesktopenums-3.0
gir1.2-gdm-1.0 gir1.2-geoclue-2.0 gir1.2-gnomebluetooth-3.0 gir1.2-gnomedesktop-3.0 gir1.2-graphene-1.0
gir1.2-gtk-4.0 gir1.2-gtksource-4 gir1.2-gweather-3.0 gir1.2-javascriptcoregtk-4.0 gir1.2-json-1.0
gir1.2-mutter-10 gir1.2-nma-1.0 gir1.2-peas-1.0 gir1.2-rsvg-2.0 gir1.2-soup-2.4 gir1.2-upowerglib-1.0
gir1.2-vte-2.91 gkbd-capplet gnome-bluetooth-3-common gnome-bluetooth-common gnome-control-center-data
gnome-control-center-faces gnome-menus gnome-remote-desktop gnome-settings-daemon gnome-shell-common
gsfonts imagemagick-6-common language-selector-gnome libabsl20210324 libadwaita-1-0 libcolord-gtk1
libcrack2 libdca0 libde265-0 libdee-1.0-4 libdjvulibre-text libdjvulibre21 libebackend-1.2-10
libebook-1.2-20 libebook-contacts-1.2-3 libedata-book-1.2-26 libedata-cal-2.0-1 libfaad2
libfftw3-double3 libfluidsynth3 libfreeaptx0 libfreerdp-client2-2 libfreerdp-server2-2 libfreerdp2-2
libgdm1 libgeoclue-2-0 libgeocode-glib0 libgeonames-common libgeonames0 libgjs0g libgnome-autoar-0-0
libgnome-bluetooth-3.0-13 libgnome-bluetooth13 libgnome-menu-3-0 libgnomekbd8 libgsound0 libgspell-1-2
libgspell-1-common libgssdp-1.2-0 libgtksourceview-4-0 libgtksourceview-4-common libgupnp-1.2-1
libgupnp-av-1.0-3 libgupnp-igd-1.0-4 libgweather-3-16 libgweather-common libheif1 libinstpatch-1.0-2
libjxr-tools libjxr0 libkate1 liblqr-1-0 libltc11 libmagickcore-6.q16-6 libmagickcore-6.q16-6-extra
libmagickwand-6.q16-6 libmediaart-2.0-0 libmjpegutils-2.1-0 libmodplug1 libmozjs-102-0 libmpcdec6
libmpeg2encpp-2.1-0 libmplex2-2.1-0 libmutter-10-0 libnice10 libopenh264-6 libopenni2-0 libpeas-1.0-0
libpeas-common libphonenumber8 libprotobuf23 libpulsedsp libpwquality-common libpwquality1 libqrencode4
libqt5multimedia5 libqt5multimediaquick5 libqt5multimediawidgets5 librest-0.7-0 librygel-core-2.6-2
librygel-db-2.6-2 librygel-renderer-2.6-2 librygel-server-2.6-2 libsoundtouch1 libsoup-gnome2.4-1
libspandsp2 libspeexdsp1 libsrtp2-1 libtimezonemap-data libtimezonemap1 libtumbler-1-0
libunity-control-center1 libvncserver1 libvo-aacenc0 libvo-amrwbenc0 libwhoopsie-preferences0
libwildmidi2 libwinpr2-2 libwmflite-0.2-7 libxcb-xv0 libxcvt0 libzbar0 libzeitgeist-2.0-0 libzxingcore1
mutter-common power-profiles-daemon pulseaudio-utils python3-aptdaemon python3-aptdaemon.gtk3widgets
python3-defer python3-macaroonbakery python3-nacl python3-protobuf python3-pymacaroons python3-rfc3339
python3-tz qml-module-qtmultimedia switcheroo-control timgm6mb-soundfont tumbler-common
ubuntu-wallpapers ubuntu-wallpapers-jammy whoopsie whoopsie-preferences xwayland yaru-theme-gnome-shell
zeitgeist-core zenity-common
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
libaio1 libcgi-fast-perl libcgi-pm-perl libfcgi-bin libfcgi-perl libfcgi0ldbl libhtml-template-perl
libmecab2 libprotobuf-lite23 mecab-ipadic mecab-ipadic-utf8 mecab-utils mysql-client-8.0
mysql-client-core-8.0 mysql-common mysql-server-8.0 mysql-server-core-8.0
Suggested packages:
libipc-sharedcache-perl mailx tinyca
The following NEW packages will be installed:
libaio1 libcgi-fast-perl libcgi-pm-perl libfcgi-bin libfcgi-perl libfcgi0ldbl libhtml-template-perl
libmecab2 libprotobuf-lite23 mecab-ipadic mecab-ipadic-utf8 mecab-utils mysql-client-8.0
mysql-client-core-8.0 mysql-common mysql-server mysql-server-8.0 mysql-server-core-8.0
0 upgraded, 18 newly installed, 0 to remove and 95 not upgraded.
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After this operation, 236 MB of additional disk space will be used.
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Fetched 28.4 MB in 2s (11.9 MB/s)
Preconfiguring packages ...
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(Reading database ... 159629 files and directories currently installed.)
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Setting up mysql-common (5.8+1.0.8) ...
update-alternatives: using /etc/mysql/my.cnf.fallback to provide /etc/mysql/my.cnf (my.cnf) in auto mode
Selecting previously unselected package mysql-server-8.0.
(Reading database ... 159843 files and directories currently installed.)
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Setting up libcgi-pm-perl (4.54-1) ...
Setting up libfcgi-bin (2.4.2-2build2) ...
Setting up libhtml-template-perl (2.97-1.1) ...
Setting up libprotobuf-lite23:arm64 (3.12.4-1ubuntu7.22.04.1) ...
Setting up mecab-utils (0.996-14build9) ...
Setting up mysql-client-8.0 (8.0.32-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
Setting up libfcgi-perl:arm64 (0.82+ds-1build1) ...
Setting up libaio1:arm64 (0.3.112-13build1) ...
Setting up mecab-ipadic (2.7.0-20070801+main-3) ...
Compiling IPA dictionary for Mecab. This takes long time...
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/unk.def ... 40
emitting double-array: 100% |###########################################|
/usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/model.def is not found. skipped.
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Suffix.csv ... 1393
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Interjection.csv ... 252
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.place.csv ... 72999
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Adnominal.csv ... 135
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.demonst.csv ... 120
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Postp.csv ... 146
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.adjv.csv ... 3328
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Adj.csv ... 27210
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Conjunction.csv ... 171
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.proper.csv ... 27328
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Postp-col.csv ... 91
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Verb.csv ... 130750
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Adverb.csv ... 3032
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Filler.csv ... 19
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Others.csv ... 2
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.name.csv ... 34202
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.number.csv ... 42
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Auxil.csv ... 199
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.adverbal.csv ... 795
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Symbol.csv ... 208
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Prefix.csv ... 221
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.csv ... 60477
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.others.csv ... 151
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.nai.csv ... 42
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.verbal.csv ... 12146
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.org.csv ... 16668
emitting double-array: 100% |###########################################|
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/matrix.def ... 1316x1316
emitting matrix : 100% |###########################################|
done!
update-alternatives: using /var/lib/mecab/dic/ipadic to provide /var/lib/mecab/dic/debian (mecab-dictionary) in auto mode
Setting up libcgi-fast-perl (1:2.15-1) ...
Setting up mysql-server-core-8.0 (8.0.32-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
Setting up mecab-ipadic-utf8 (2.7.0-20070801+main-3) ...
Compiling IPA dictionary for Mecab. This takes long time...
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/unk.def ... 40
emitting double-array: 100% |###########################################|
/usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/model.def is not found. skipped.
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Suffix.csv ... 1393
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Interjection.csv ... 252
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.place.csv ... 72999
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Adnominal.csv ... 135
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.demonst.csv ... 120
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Postp.csv ... 146
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.adjv.csv ... 3328
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Adj.csv ... 27210
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Conjunction.csv ... 171
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.proper.csv ... 27328
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Postp-col.csv ... 91
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Verb.csv ... 130750
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Adverb.csv ... 3032
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Filler.csv ... 19
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Others.csv ... 2
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.name.csv ... 34202
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.number.csv ... 42
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Auxil.csv ... 199
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.adverbal.csv ... 795
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Symbol.csv ... 208
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Prefix.csv ... 221
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.csv ... 60477
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.others.csv ... 151
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.nai.csv ... 42
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.verbal.csv ... 12146
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/Noun.org.csv ... 16668
emitting double-array: 100% |###########################################|
reading /usr/share/mecab/dic/ipadic/matrix.def ... 1316x1316
emitting matrix : 100% |###########################################|
done!
update-alternatives: using /var/lib/mecab/dic/ipadic-utf8 to provide /var/lib/mecab/dic/debian (mecab-dictionary) in auto mode
Setting up mysql-server-8.0 (8.0.32-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
update-alternatives: using /etc/mysql/mysql.cnf to provide /etc/mysql/my.cnf (my.cnf) in auto mode
Renaming removed key_buffer and myisam-recover options (if present)
mysqld will log errors to /var/log/mysql/error.log
mysqld is running as pid 3901
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysql.service → /lib/systemd/system/mysql.service.
Setting up mysql-server (8.0.32-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.10.2-1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.35-0ubuntu3.1) ...
我们看到mysqld is running as pid 3901，说明mysql服务已经启动，当然我们也可以用命令sudo service mysql status来查看信息：
cat@lubancat:~/lugl/my_project$ sudo service mysql status
● mysql.service - MySQL Community Server
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2023-04-26 18:07:49 CST; 4min 35s ago
Process: 4076 ExecStartPre=/usr/share/mysql/mysql-systemd-start pre (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 4084 (mysqld)
Status: "Server is operational"
Memory: 364.6M
CPU: 7.808s
CGroup: /system.slice/mysql.service
└─4084 /usr/sbin/mysqld
进入mysql控制台：
cat@lubancat:~/lugl/my_project$ sudo mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \\g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.32-0ubuntu0.22.04.2 (Ubuntu)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2023, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\\h' for help. Type '\\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
在这里我就可以进入命令行的日常操作了
mysql> SELECT user,authentication_string,plugin,host FROM mysql.user;
+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+-----------+
| user | authentication_string | plugin | host |
+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+-----------+
| debian-sys-maint | $A$005$}ZCg'cRfV3C8yInxkte5T9evBgjAOj45tRKiyXQP4fyYgikL.UambrqdlC | caching_sha2_password | localhost |
| mysql.infoschema | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password | localhost |
| mysql.session | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password | localhost |
| mysql.sys | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED | caching_sha2_password | localhost |
| root | | auth_socket | localhost |
+------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+-----------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)
输入以下命修改登录密码
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'Temppwd123@'
-> ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.25 sec)
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql>
完成后，我们需要确认 root 用户不再使用 auth_socket 进行身份验证。通过再次运行以下命令来执行此操作。
mysql> create user 'root'@'192.168.3.192' identified by 'password'
-> ^C
mysql> create user 'root'@'192.168.3.192' identified by 'Temppwd123@';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'192.168.3.192' with grant option
-> ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql>
安装pymysql
执行sudo apt install python3-pymysql
测试
cat@lubancat:~$ python3
Python 3.10.6 (main, Mar 10 2023, 10:55:28) [GCC 11.3.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
> > > import pymysql
> > > conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1',database='mysql',user='root',password='Temppwd123@')
> > > print(conn)
> > >
> > > conn.close()
到此，mysql了安装成功，并完成了测试。
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