关于GPU Passthrough与XS 6.5和XD 7.6的性能问题

我认为这是预料之中的。
Grid K1是低级（和高价）卡（4x入门级Kepler GK107非常像“GT 630”/“Quadro K600”/“Quadro K1000M”）。
添加虚拟化（如果使用vGPU而不是直通，则使用带帧速率限制器的分时单元），编码，电源管理和其他处罚。
GTX 850M拥有更多（Maxwell（更新的架构）GM107  -  3倍以上的单位，用于核心的时钟。
http://www.techpowerup.com/gpudb/1699/grid-k1.html
http://www.techpowerup.com/gpudb/2538/geforce-gtx-850m.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nvidia_graphics_processing_units
http://www.videocardbenchmark.net/compare.php?cmp[]=2617&cmp[]=2859



以下为原文

I think that is expected.
Grid K1 is low-level (and high priced) card (4x entry level Kepler GK107 very like "GT 630"/"Quadro K600"/"Quadro K1000M"). Add also virtualization (time-shared units with frame rate limiter if you use vGPU instead passthrough), encoding, power management and other penalties.
GTX 850M has more (Maxwell (newer architecture) GM107 - 3x more units, fasters clock for core).

http://www.techpowerup.com/gpudb/1699/grid-k1.html
http://www.techpowerup.com/gpudb/2538/geforce-gtx-850m.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nvidia_graphics_processing_units
http://www.videocardbenchmark.net/compare.php?cmp[]=2617&cmp[]=2859

嗨，mcerveny
非常感谢您的回复，它对我帮助很大！



以下为原文

Hi, mcerveny

Thanks very much for reply, it help me a lot!

你好
相比之下，您的笔记本电脑有哪些规格？
（CPU，RAM，磁盘，屏幕分辨率）和你得到的FPS是什么？
（高/低（它在基准测试结束时说））
您是否更新了Hypervisor主机上的固件？
你有没有调整BIOS以获得最佳性能？
您是否调整了XenServer的性能？
XenServer主机上是否还有其他VM正在运行？
您是如何连接到VM以运行基准测试的？
你的网络速度是多少（到桌面+后端）？
您是通过LAN还是WAN连接？
你得到什么FPS（高/低）？
你用什么存储？
VM运行的屏幕分辨率是多少？
是否应用了任何Citrix策略？
K1能够运行该基准测试，但是存在局限性以及可以使其更好地运行的事情。
这不仅仅是将GPU投入服务器，将其分配给虚拟机并远离您的情况。
需要考虑更多变量才能充分利用它。
为了让我们能够提供帮助，您必须向我们提供比您更多的信息，因此以上所有问题;-)
问候
本



以下为原文

Hi

What are the spec's of your laptop in comparison? (CPU, RAM, disk, screen resolution) and what FPS are you getting? (Hi / Low (it says at the end of the benchmark))

Have you updated the Firmware on the Hypervisor host?
Have you tuned the BIOS for Maximum Performance?
Have you tuned XenServer for performance?
Are there any other VMs running on the XenServer host?
How are you connecting to your VM to run the benchmark?
What's your network speed (to desk + backend)?
Are you connecting over a LAN or WAN?
What FPS are you getting (Hi / Low)?
What are you using for storage?
What screen resolution is the VM running?
Any Citrix policies applied?

The K1 is capable of running that benchmark, but there are limitations and also things you can do to make it perform better. It's not just a case of throwing a GPU in a server, assigning it to a VM and away you go. There are more variables to consider to get the best out of it. In order for us to help, you'll have to give us a little more information than you have, hence all the questions above ;-)

Regards

Ben

嗨，Benji
谢谢你的回复！
笔记本电脑的规格：
CPU：Intel Core I7-4710MQ
内存：8GB
磁盘：WDC WD10SPCX 7.2K SATA磁盘
操作系统：Windows 7旗舰版
屏幕分辨率：1920 * 1080全屏模式（与VM相同）
1.您是否更新了Hypervisor主机上的固件？ 
不，BIOS会成为一个问题吗？
BIOS信息 
供应商：American Megatrends Inc. 
版本：3.0b 
发布日期：01/02/2014 
地址：0xF0000 
运行时大小：64 kB 
ROM大小：12288 kB 
特点： 
支持PCI 
BIOS可升级 
允许BIOS阴影 
支持从CD启动 
支持可选引导 
BIOS ROM已插入 
支持EDD 
支持打印屏幕服务（int 5h） 
支持8042键盘服务（​​int 9h） 
支持串行服务（int 14h） 
支持打印机服务（int 17h） 
支持ACPI 
支持USB传统 
支持BIOS启动规范 
支持功能密钥启动的网络启动 
支持有针对性的内容分发 
UEFI受支持 
BIOS修订版：3.11
2.您是否已调整BIOS以获得最佳性能？ 
是!
我也禁用了超线程（无论是否禁用，都没有运气）
3.您是否已调整XenServer以获得性能？ 
是的，我也打开了Turbo模式
4. XenServer主机上是否还有其他VM正在运行？ 
不，只有1个VM在XenServer上运行
5.您如何连接到VM以运行基准测试？ 
笔记本电脑上的Citrix Receiver，VM端的XenDesktop 7.6 VDA + HDX 3D Pro
6.你的网络速度是多少（到桌面+后端）？ 
1GB以太网
7.您是通过LAN还是WAN连接？ 
LAN
8.你得到什么FPS（高/低）？ 
在笔记本电脑上，我得到34.1 FPS，在VM上有9.1 FPS（我禁用了FRL）！
9.你用什么存储？ 
英特尔SSDSC2BB12，我还在基准运行时检查Dom0上的IO负载
Linux 3.10.0 + 2（localhost）04/10/2015 
avg-cpu：％user％nice％system％iowait％steal％idle 
0.26 0.00 0.44 0.01 0.11 99.17 
设备：tps Blk_read / s Blk_wrtn / s Blk_read Blk_wrtn 
sda 39.78 1313.05 836.88 5352310 3411323
10. VM运行的屏幕分辨率是多少？ 
1920 * 1080，全屏模式
11.是否应用了Citrix策略？ 
是的，我用google搜索建议，没有改变任何政策，但都没有运气
桌面组合重定向：已禁用
HDX3DPro质量设置：6553680（我更改了最小值和最大值，但没有生效）
有损压缩等级：无
有损压缩阈值：10240 Kbps
最低图像质量：非常高
移动图像压缩：已禁用
排队和折腾：已禁用
目标帧率：60fps
目标最低帧速率：20 fps
视觉质量：高



以下为原文

Hi, Benji

Thanks for you reply!


The spec's of laptop:

CPU: Intel Core I7-4710MQ
RAM: 8GB
disk: WDC WD10SPCX 7.2K SATA disk
OS: Windows 7 Ultimate
screen resolution: 1920 * 1080 with full screen mode (the same as the VM)


1. Have you updated the Firmware on the Hypervisor host?
   No, would the BIOS be a issue?

BIOS Information
        Vendor: American Megatrends Inc.
        Version: 3.0b
        Release Date: 01/02/2014
        Address: 0xF0000
        Runtime Size: 64 kB
        ROM Size: 12288 kB
        Characteristics:
                PCI is supported
                BIOS is upgradeable
                BIOS shadowing is allowed
                Boot from CD is supported
                Selectable boot is supported
                BIOS ROM is socketed
                EDD is supported
                Print screen service is supported (int 5h)
                8042 keyboard services are supported (int 9h)
                Serial services are supported (int 14h)
                Printer services are supported (int 17h)
                ACPI is supported
                USB legacy is supported
                BIOS boot specification is supported
                Function key-initiated network boot is supported
                Targeted content distribution is supported
                UEFI is supported
        BIOS Revision: 3.11


2. Have you tuned the BIOS for Maximum Performance?
   Yes! I disabled the Hyper Threading too (whether disable or not, all with no luck)

3. Have you tuned XenServer for performance?
   Yes, I also tuned the Turbo Mode on

4. Are there any other VMs running on the XenServer host?
   No, only 1 VM running on the XenServer

5. How are you connecting to your VM to run the benchmark?
   Citrix Receiver on the laptop, XenDesktop 7.6 VDA + HDX 3D Pro on the VM side

6. What's your network speed (to desk + backend)?
   1GB Ethernet

7. Are you connecting over a LAN or WAN?
   LAN

8. What FPS are you getting (Hi / Low)?
   On the laptop, I get 34.1 FPS, and on the VM there is 9.1 FPS (I disabled the FRL)!

9. What are you using for storage?
   Intel SSDSC2BB12, I also check the IO load on the Dom0 when benchmark running


Linux 3.10.0+2 (localhost)      04/10/2015

    avg-cpu:  %user   %nice %system %iowait  %steal   %idle
               0.26    0.00    0.44    0.01    0.11   99.17

    Device:            tps   Blk_read/s   Blk_wrtn/s   Blk_read   Blk_wrtn
    sda              39.78      1313.05       836.88    5352310    3411323


10. What screen resolution is the VM running?
   1920 * 1080, with full screen mode

11. Any Citrix policies applied?
   Yes, I googled for advices, changed none policy to the following but all with no luck


Desktop Composition Redirection:  Disabled
HDX3DPro quality settings: 6553680 ( I changed the min and max value, but doesn't take effect)
Lossy compression level: None
Lossy compression threshold value: 10240 Kbps
Minimum image quality: Very High
Moving image compression: Disabled
Queuing and tossing: Disabled
Target frame rate: 60fps
Target minimum frame rate: 20 fps
Visual quality: High

嗨魏章
好的，笔记本电脑的规格要比你的VM好得多：
* CPU  -  2.5GHz与2.0GHz相比（2.0GHz目前非常慢）（是的，我意识到它比纯MHz更多，但这不应该被忽视）
* RAM  -  8GB与4GB相比
* GPU  -  GTX 850与K1 Passthrough相比
最重要的是，它们都在本地运行而没有Hypervisor。
除非服务器硬件供应商，NVIDIA或Citrix另有建议，否则，您绝对应该运行最新的固件/ BIOS。
Hypervisor依赖于BIOS的正确配置，否则它无法使用任何性能或特定功能。
固件应该是最新的功能。
调整BIOS以获得性能时，请不要忘记冷却。
如果配置不正确，这可能会降低某些服务器的整体性能。
就个人而言，我总是启用超线程并始终取得积极成果。
虽然有一些建议可以禁用它，但这是特定于应用程序的，您应该与应用程序供应商核实哪个是最佳的。
但肯定对于Unigine基准测试而言，启用启用将会很好。
1GB到桌面是可以的，但不比那更好......并确保它的硬连线一致性。
因此VM生成的FPS非常低。
那是最大的FPS吗？
如果您正在运行Passthrough，禁用FRL将没有任何区别，这仅适用于vGPU配置文件。
忽略FPS一秒钟...当您在笔记本电脑上运行时，基准测试的实际情况如何？
超过30FPS，我猜它跑得很顺利，看起来还不错？
那么为什么需要尝试在VM上以60FPS运行它？
我在这里得到的是，因为有一个选项以60FPS运行它，并不意味着它需要运行得那么高。
不要专注于数字，关注你所看到的内容和用户体验的质量，以及它是否足够好。
您可以丢失（禁用）大多数Citrix策略，就像您当前的配置一样，它们实际上并没有帮助。
您希望节省带宽，而不是尝试使用60FPS消耗它:-)
运行Unigine基准测试时，您正在配置哪些设置？
您是默认运行它还是配置质量？
我期待大约20到25FPS没有太多的调整（虽然不同的硬件设置会改变那些结果）虽然不完全“惊人！”，比你的9.1FPS更容易观看:-)不要让我
错了，它永远不会与GRID K2在同一个联盟中（这会将FPS海峡推到这个特定的基准测试中的数百个），因为它们是针对完全不同的东西设计的，但作为基本的GPU，如果用于正确的任务，
当然足够了。
问候
本



以下为原文

Hi Weizhang

Ok, the laptop has a much better spec than your VM:

*CPU - 2.5GHz compared to 2.0GHz (2.0GHz is very slow these days) (Yes, I realize there’s more to it than pure MHz, but this should not be overlooked)
*RAM - 8GB compared to 4GB
*GPU - GTX 850 compared to K1 Passthrough

And to top it all off, it’s all running locally without a Hypervisor in the way.

Unless otherwise advised by the server hardware vendor, NVIDIA or Citrix, yes, you should absolutely be running the latest firmware / BIOS.

The Hypervisor relies on the BIOS being configured appropriately, otherwise it cannot make use of any of the performance or specific features. Firmware should be up to date for functionality. When tuning the BIOS for performance, don’t forget the cooling. If not configured correctly, this can throttle back the overall performance on some servers.

Personally, I always leave Hyperthreading enabled and have always had positive results. Although there are some recommendations out there to disable it, but this is application specific and you should check with the application vendor about which is best. But certainly for Unigine benchmarks, leaving enabled will be fine.

1GB to desk is ok, nothing less than that though… and make sure it’s hardwired for consistency.

So the FPS generated by the VM there is pretty low. Is that a maximum FPS?

If you’re running Passthrough, disabling FRL won’t make any difference, this is only for vGPU profiles.

Ignore the FPS for a second… What did the benchmark actually look like when you ran it on your laptop? At over 30FPS, I’m guessing it ran quite smoothly and looked ok? So why the need to try and run it at 60FPS on the VM? What I’m getting at here, is that just because there’s an option to run it at 60FPS, doesn’t mean it needs to be run that high. Don’t focus on the numbers, focus on the quality of what you’re seeing and the user experience and whether it’s good enough.

You can lose (disable) most of those Citrix policies, as with your current configuration they won’t really be helping. You’re looking to conserve bandwidth, not try to consume it with 60FPS :-)

When you run the Unigine benchmark, what settings are you configuring? Do you run it as default, or do you configure the quality? I'd be expecting around the 20 – 25FPS without much tuning (although differing hardware setups will vary those results) and although not exactly “amazing!”, is much more watchable than your 9.1FPS will be :-) Don’t get me wrong, it will never be in the same league as a GRID K2 (which will push FPS strait into the hundreds on this particular benchmark) as they are designed for completely different things, but as a basic GPU, if used for the correct tasks, is certainly adequate.

Regards

Ben

目标FPS与带宽无关，除非您实际在VM中达到该级别。
在Weizhang只能达到9fps的情况下，它只能传输9fps。
这个级别的设置允许的是。
1.确保VM生成的内容是最终用户看到的内容，因为它与FRL和协议允许的最大值相同。
2.它有助于减少软件游标的滞后。
60fps约为15ms，30fps约为33ms，10fps为100ms。
所以有充分的理由在那里设定这个价值。
该策略看起来就像我在这里发布的那样，并且在Citrix论坛上（其中有每个推理的解释），并且由于客户端功能，用户在传统模式下连接时，存在大量用于回退目的。
关键的价值观是
DCR  - 关闭
视觉质量 - 高
目标FPS  -  60
虽然这些都不会影响基准分数。
Unigene基准测试将受CPU时钟速度（单线程）和GPU资源的影响。
将要提供哪些应用程序？
Unigene Heaven and Valley不反映典型的企业用法，因此我建议选择一个更合适的基准测试工具，以及一组更真实地代表预期用例的度量。



以下为原文



The target FPS has no bearing on bandwidth, unless you're actually achieving that level in the VM. Where Weizhang is only achieving 9fps it will only be transmitting 9fps.

What that level of setting allows for is.

1. Ensuring that what the VM is generating is what the end user see's as it's the same as the FRL and the max the protocol allows.
2. It helps to mitigate lag with software cursors. 60fps is around 15ms, 30fps around 33ms, 10fps is 100ms.

So there's good reason to set that value there.

The policy looks like one I posted here, and on the Citrix forums (where there's explanation of the reasoning for each) and there's a large amount in there for fallback purposes in the event a user connects in legacy mode due to client capability.

The key values though are

DCR - Off
Visual Quality - High
Target FPS - 60

Though none of those will affect benchmark scores. The Unigene benchmark will be affected by CPU clock speed (it's single threaded) and GPU resources.

What applications are going to be delivered? Unigene Heaven and Valley don't reflect typical enterprise usage, so I'd suggest picking a more appropriate benchmarking tool, and a set of measures that more truly represents the intended use case.

大家好
谢谢你的帮助！
9.1 FPS是平均FPS，我在运行Valley时使用了默认配置，可能分辨率太高（1920 * 1080）以获得更好的用户体验而且我过度使用了K1！
我们建议提供一个可以处理大约一百万个三角形面（人类3D模型）的应用程序，并且可能需要更强大的GPU，K2或K5会选择吗？



以下为原文

Hi, all

Thanks for all your kind help!

The 9.1 FPS is the average FPS, and I used the default configuration when running Valley, maybe the resolution too high (1920 * 1080) to get the better user experience and I overused the K1!

We propose to delivery a app which would handle about one million triangular facets (the human 3D model), and maybe need a more powerful GPU, would the K2 or K5 be the choice?

杰森 - 这很公平，我的立场得到了纠正。
每天都是上学日:-)
这是一个好点，如果GPU没有达到所需的FPS，那么在这个阶段带宽与它无关。
我忽略了这一点，并且正在思考我在K2和带宽方面遇到的问题。
Weizhang  - 正如Jason在上面提到的，如果不是将要使用的实际应用程序，最好使用至少相似的应用程序进行测试。
否则，您可能会陷入追逐与生产使用无关的事情。
如果您要提供类似人类3D模型的任何东西，那么您绝对会想要K2。
虽然尝试使用K1，但你可以在两张牌之间找到参考（玩这个游戏：http：//www.nvidia.co.uk/coolstuff/demos#!/lifelike-human-face-rendering）。
如果在此阶段可能，您可能还想修改服务器规格......
如果将K1用于其预期目的，1920x1080对于K1来说并不是太高，但是K1s的目的不是为了运行那样的基准测试，那就是K2s的工作;-)话虽这么说，屏幕分辨率在整体上起着很大的作用。
要求和经验（将Unigine Valley降至1024x768并查看差异）。
您计划在生产中运行什么屏幕分辨率？
问候
本



以下为原文

Jason - That's fair enough, I stand corrected. Every day's a school day :-)

That's a good point, if the GPU's not hitting the desired FPS, then at this stage the bandwidth has nothing to do with it. I overlooked that bit, and was thinking of the issues I've experienced with the K2 and bandwidth.

Weizhang - As Jason mentions above, it's best to test with applications that are going to be at least similar if not the actual application that is going to be used. Otherwise you can get caught up in chasing things that bear no relevance on production usage. If you're going to be delivering anything like the human 3D model, you'll absolutely want the K2. Although try it with the K1 so you have a reference between the 2 cards (Have a play with this: http://www.nvidia.co.uk/coolstuff/demos#!/lifelike-human-face-rendering). You may also want to revise your server specs if that's possible at this stage...

1920x1080 is not too high for the K1 if you use it for its intended purpose, but the K1s purpose is not to run benchmarks like that, that's the K2s job ;-) That being said, the screen resolution plays a massive part of the overall requirements and experience (drop Unigine Valley down to 1024x768 and see the difference). What screen resolution do you plan to run in production?

Regards

Ben

嗨本吉，
遗憾的是该应用正在开发中，我需要确保该平台能够满足我们的性能需求。
我将尝试新的基准测试工具，谢谢你的帮助:)



以下为原文

Hi Benji,

It's a pity that the app is on developing, I need to ensure that this platform could fulfil our performance demand.

I will try the new benchmark tools, and thanks for you kind help:)

抱歉重复回复:)



以下为原文

Sorry for repeat reply :)

不用担心，很高兴尝试和帮助我可以:-)
如果您计划运行3D模型，我肯定会在这个阶段查看修改后的服务器规范，即使只是为了排除它，在生产之前了解所有选项是很好的。
让我们知道您如何继续进行测试......
问候
本



以下为原文

No worries, happy to try and help where I can :-)

If you plan on running 3D models though, I'd definitely look at a revised server spec at this stage, even if it's just to rule it out, it's good to know what all the options are before production.

Let us know how you get on with your testing...

Regards

Ben