转stemwin教程
本期教程开始讲解STemWin的消息类型，这部分知识也非常的重要，大家可以不懂消息的通信机制，但必须的知道简单的通信过程。
33. 1 消息结构
33. 2 消息类型
33. 3 系统类型消息实例
33. 4 指针输入设备（PID）类型消息实例
33. 5 通知代码类型消息实例
33. 6 总结
33.1 消息结构
回调例程被调用时，它会收到以其pMsg参数指定的消息。此消息实际上是一个WM_MESSAGE数据结构，其元素定义如下。
数据类型 |
元素 |
描述 |
int |
MsgId |
消息的类型 |
WM_HWIN |
hWin |
目标窗口 |
WM_HWIN |
hWinSrc |
源窗口 |
void* |
Data.p |
数据指针 |
int |
Data.v |
数据值 |
0
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33.2 消息类型
STemWin支持的消息类型主要分为以下三类（STemWin5.22支持的类型）
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通知代码类型：![]() 图片:33.3.png
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33.3 系统类型消息实例
下面我们通过一个具体的实例来讲解系统消息类型。这里我们通过前面讲的uCGUIBulder4.0创建一个如下的对话框（关于对话框的内容会在后面的教程跟大家详细讲解）。
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建立以后生成的代码如下（重点看系统消息部分）
复制代码
#include
#include "GUI.h"
#include "DIALOG.h"
#include "WM.h"
#include "BUTTON.h"
#include "CHECKBOX.h"
#include "DROPDOWN.h"
#include "EDIT.h"
#include "FRAMEWIN.h"
#include "LISTBOX.h"
#include "MULTIEDIT.h"
#include "RADIO.h"
#include "SLIDER.h"
#include "TEXT.h"
#include "PROGBAR.h"
#include "SCROLLBAR.h"
#include "LISTVIEW.h"
//EventsFunctionList
void OnButtonClicked(WM_MESSAGE * pMsg);
void OnButtonReleased(WM_MESSAGE * pMsg);
void OnButtonMovedOut(WM_MESSAGE * pMsg);
//EndofEventsFunctionList
/*********************************************************************
*
* Dialog resource
*
* This table conatins the info required to create the dialog.
* It has been created by ucGUIbuilder.
*/
static const GUI_WIDGET_CREATE_INFO _aDialogCreate[] = {
{ FRAMEWIN_CreateIndirect, "armfly", 0, 0, 0, 800,480,FRAMEWIN_CF_MOVEABLE,0},
{ BUTTON_CreateIndirect, "BUTTON0", GUI_ID_BUTTON0, 82, 122,162,37, 0,0},
{ BUTTON_CreateIndirect, "BUTTON1", GUI_ID_BUTTON1, 357,123,152,35, 0,0}
};
/*****************************************************************
** FunctionName:void PaintDialog(WM_MESSAGE * pMsg)
** Function: to initialize the Dialog items
**
** call this function in _cbCallback --> WM_PAINT
*****************************************************************/
void PaintDialog(WM_MESSAGE * pMsg)
{
WM_HWIN hWin = pMsg->hWin;
}
/*****************************************************************
** FunctionName:void InitDialog(WM_MESSAGE * pMsg)
** Function: to initialize the Dialog items
**
** call this function in _cbCallback --> WM_INIT_DIALOG
*****************************************************************/
void InitDialog(WM_MESSAGE * pMsg)
{
WM_HWIN hWin = pMsg->hWin;
//
//FRAMEWIN
//
FRAMEWIN_SetFont(hWin,&GUI_Font24B_ASCII);
FRAMEWIN_SetTextAlign(hWin,GUI_TA_VCENTER|GUI_TA_CENTER);
FRAMEWIN_AddCloseButton(hWin, FRAMEWIN_BUTTON_RIGHT, 0);
FRAMEWIN_AddMaxButton(hWin, FRAMEWIN_BUTTON_RIGHT, 1);
FRAMEWIN_AddMinButton(hWin, FRAMEWIN_BUTTON_RIGHT, 2);
FRAMEWIN_SetTitleHeight(hWin,30);
}
/*********************************************************************
*
* Dialog callback routine
*/
static void _cbCallback(WM_MESSAGE * pMsg)
{
int NCode, Id;
WM_HWIN hWin = pMsg->hWin;
switch (pMsg->MsgId) （1）
{
case WM_PAINT:（2）
PaintDialog(pMsg);
break;
case WM_INIT_DIALOG:（3）
InitDialog(pMsg);
break;
case WM_KEY: （4）
switch (((WM_KEY_INFO*)(pMsg->Data.p))->Key)
{
case GUI_KEY_ESCAPE:
GUI_EndDialog(hWin, 1);
break;
case GUI_KEY_ENTER:
GUI_EndDialog(hWin, 0);
break;
}
break;
case WM_NOTIFY_PARENT:（5）
Id = WM_GetId(pMsg->hWinSrc);
NCode = pMsg->Data.v;
switch (Id)
{
case GUI_ID_OK:
if(NCode==WM_NOTIFICATION_RELEASED)
GUI_EndDialog(hWin, 0);
break;
case GUI_ID_CANCEL:
if(NCode==WM_NOTIFICATION_RELEASED)
GUI_EndDialog(hWin, 0);
break;
case GUI_ID_BUTTON0:
switch(NCode)
{
case WM_NOTIFICATION_CLICKED:
OnButtonClicked(pMsg);
break;
case WM_NOTIFICATION_RELEASED:
OnButtonReleased(pMsg);
break;
case WM_NOTIFICATION_MOVED_OUT:
OnButtonMovedOut(pMsg);
break;
}
break;
case GUI_ID_BUTTON1:
switch(NCode)
{
case WM_NOTIFICATION_CLICKED:
OnButtonClicked(pMsg);
break;
case WM_NOTIFICATION_RELEASED:
OnButtonReleased(pMsg);
break;
case WM_NOTIFICATION_MOVED_OUT:
OnButtonMovedOut(pMsg);
break;
}
break;
}
break;
default:
WM_DefaultProc(pMsg);
}
}
/*********************************************************************
*
* MainTask
*
**********************************************************************
*/
void MainTask(void)
{
GUI_Init();
WM_SetDesktopColor(GUI_WHITE); /* Automacally update desktop window */
WM_SetCreateFlags(WM_CF_MEMDEV); /* Use memory devices on all windows to avoid flicker */
//PROGBAR_SetDefaultSkin(PROGBAR_SKIN_FLEX);
//FRAMEWIN_SetDefaultSkin(FRAMEWIN_SKIN_FLEX);
//PROGBAR_SetDefaultSkin(PROGBAR_SKIN_FLEX);
//BUTTON_SetDefaultSkin(BUTTON_SKIN_FLEX);
//CHECKBOX_SetDefaultSkin(CHECKBOX_SKIN_FLEX);
//DROPDOWN_SetDefaultSkin(DROPDOWN_SKIN_FLEX);
//SCROLLBAR_SetDefaultSkin(SCROLLBAR_SKIN_FLEX);
//SLIDER_SetDefaultSkin(SLIDER_SKIN_FLEX);
//HEADER_SetDefaultSkin(HEADER_SKIN_FLEX);
//RADIO_SetDefaultSkin(RADIO_SKIN_FLEX);
GUI_ExecDialogBox(_aDialogCreate, GUI_COUNTOF(_aDialogCreate), &_cbCallback, 0, 0, 0);
}
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这里咱们重点看对话框的回调函数_cbCallback中的内容：
1. 通过switch (pMsg->MsgId) 区分各种系统消息类型。
2. WM_PAINT：
窗口变为无效 （部分或全部）并需要绘制时，WM将此消息发送到窗口。窗口收到WM_PAINT消息时，应重绘自身。将此消息发送到窗口前，WM确保它已被选定。该消息的Data.p指针指向在屏幕坐标中包含窗口的无效矩形的GUI_RECT结构。此类信息可用于优化着色功能。
3. WM_INIT_DIALOG：
此消息在对话框创建后、显示前发送到窗口。对话框程序通常使用此消息初始化小工具，并执行影响对话框外观的其他任何初始化任务。
上面程序中初始化了控件FrameWin，主要是设置了一些标题。
4. WM_KEY：
按下某个键后发送此消息到当前包含焦点的窗体。第31章介绍键盘输入的时候就是用的这个消息。Data.p指针中含有指向WM_KEY_INFO结构的消息。WM_KEY_INFO的定义如下：
5. WM_NOTIFY_PARENT：
告知父窗口，其子窗口中发生了某些改变。这些消息通常由小工具发送到其父窗口，让它们可以对事件作出反应。消息的Data.v值包含消息的通知代码。上面对话框上创建的两个按钮就是通过这个消息进行操作。
这里我们就先介绍这几种消息，后面再介绍其余的系统消息类型。
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33.4 指针输入设备（PID）类型消息实例
基于上面的例子，我们实现一下PID类型消息WM_MOUSEOVER，代码如下（可以直接复制到模拟器上面运行或者开发板上面）：
复制代码
#include
#include "GUI.h"
#include "DIALOG.h"
#include "WM.h"
#include "BUTTON.h"
#include "CHECKBOX.h"
#include "DROPDOWN.h"
#include "EDIT.h"
#include "FRAMEWIN.h"
#include "LISTBOX.h"
#include "MULTIEDIT.h"
#include "RADIO.h"
#include "SLIDER.h"
#include "TEXT.h"
#include "PROGBAR.h"
#include "SCROLLBAR.h"
#include "LISTVIEW.h"
/*********************************************************************
*
* static data
*
**********************************************************************
*/
GUI_COLOR _acColor[3] = {GUI_BLUE,GUI_RED,GUI_YELLOW}; （1）
static unsigned char ucBackColor; （2）
/*********************************************************************
*
* Dialog resource
*
* This table conatins the info required to create the dialog.
* It has been created by ucGUIbuilder.
*/
static const GUI_WIDGET_CREATE_INFO _aDialogCreate[] = {
{ FRAMEWIN_CreateIndirect, "armfly", 0, 0, 0, 800,480,FRAMEWIN_CF_MOVEABLE,0},
{ BUTTON_CreateIndirect, "BUTTON0", GUI_ID_BUTTON0, 82, 122,162,37, 0,0},
{ BUTTON_CreateIndirect, "BUTTON1", GUI_ID_BUTTON1, 357,123,152,35, 0,0}
};
/*****************************************************************
** FunctionName:void PaintDialog(WM_MESSAGE * pMsg)
** Function: to initialize the Dialog items
**
** call this function in _cbCallback --> WM_PAINT
*****************************************************************/
void PaintDialog(WM_MESSAGE * pMsg)
{
WM_HWIN hWin = pMsg->hWin;
GUI_SetBkColor(_acColor[ucBackColor]);（3）
GUI_Clear();
}
/*****************************************************************
** FunctionName:void InitDialog(WM_MESSAGE * pMsg)
** Function: to initialize the Dialog items
**
** call this function in _cbCallback --> WM_INIT_DIALOG
*****************************************************************/
void InitDialog(WM_MESSAGE * pMsg)
{
WM_HWIN hWin = pMsg->hWin;
//
//FRAMEWIN
//
FRAMEWIN_SetFont(hWin,&GUI_Font24B_ASCII);（4）
FRAMEWIN_SetTextAlign(hWin,GUI_TA_VCENTER|GUI_TA_CENTER);
FRAMEWIN_AddCloseButton(hWin, FRAMEWIN_BUTTON_RIGHT, 0);
FRAMEWIN_AddMaxButton(hWin, FRAMEWIN_BUTTON_RIGHT, 1);
FRAMEWIN_AddMinButton(hWin, FRAMEWIN_BUTTON_RIGHT, 2);
FRAMEWIN_SetTitleHeight(hWin,30);
/* 默认颜色取*/
ucBackColor = 0;（5）
}
/*********************************************************************
*
* Dialog callback routine
*/
static void _cbCallback(WM_MESSAGE * pMsg)
{
int NCode, Id;
WM_HWIN hWin = pMsg->hWin;
switch (pMsg->MsgId)
{
case WM_MOUSEOVER:（6）
ucBackColor++;
if (ucBackColor == 3)
{
ucBackColor = 0;
}
WM_InvalidateWindow(hWin);
break;
case WM_PAINT:
PaintDialog(pMsg);
break;
case WM_INIT_DIALOG:
InitDialog(pMsg);
break;
case WM_KEY:
switch (((WM_KEY_INFO*)(pMsg->Data.p))->Key)
{
case GUI_KEY_ESCAPE:
GUI_EndDialog(hWin, 1);
break;
case GUI_KEY_ENTER:
GUI_EndDialog(hWin, 0);
break;
}
break;
case WM_NOTIFY_PARENT:
Id = WM_GetId(pMsg->hWinSrc);
NCode = pMsg->Data.v;
switch (Id)
{
case GUI_ID_OK:
if(NCode==WM_NOTIFICATION_RELEASED)
GUI_EndDialog(hWin, 0);
break;
case GUI_ID_CANCEL:
if(NCode==WM_NOTIFICATION_RELEASED)
GUI_EndDialog(hWin, 0);
break;
case GUI_ID_BUTTON0:
switch(NCode)
{
case WM_NOTIFICATION_CLICKED:
break;
case WM_NOTIFICATION_RELEASED:
break;
case WM_NOTIFICATION_MOVED_OUT:
break;
}
break;
case GUI_ID_BUTTON1:
switch(NCode)
{
case WM_NOTIFICATION_CLICKED:
break;
case WM_NOTIFICATION_RELEASED:
break;
case WM_NOTIFICATION_MOVED_OUT:
break;
}
break;
}
break;
default:
WM_DefaultProc(pMsg);
}
}
/*********************************************************************
*
* MainTask
*
**********************************************************************
*/
void MainTask(void)
{
GUI_Init();
WM_SetDesktopColor(GUI_BLUE); /* Automacally update desktop window */
WM_SetCreateFlags(WM_CF_MEMDEV); /* Use memory devices on all windows to avoid flicker */
PROGBAR_SetDefaultSkin(PROGBAR_SKIN_FLEX);
FRAMEWIN_SetDefaultSkin(FRAMEWIN_SKIN_FLEX);
PROGBAR_SetDefaultSkin(PROGBAR_SKIN_FLEX);
BUTTON_SetDefaultSkin(BUTTON_SKIN_FLEX);
CHECKBOX_SetDefaultSkin(CHECKBOX_SKIN_FLEX);
DROPDOWN_SetDefaultSkin(DROPDOWN_SKIN_FLEX);
SCROLLBAR_SetDefaultSkin(SCROLLBAR_SKIN_FLEX);
SLIDER_SetDefaultSkin(SLIDER_SKIN_FLEX);
HEADER_SetDefaultSkin(HEADER_SKIN_FLEX);
RADIO_SetDefaultSkin(RADIO_SKIN_FLEX);
GUI_ExecDialogBox(_aDialogCreate, GUI_COUNTOF(_aDialogCreate), &_cbCallback, 0, 0, 0);
}
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1. 定义一个数组，里面有三种颜色。
2. 定义一个变量，用于上面三种颜色的切换。
3. 在WM_PAINT消息中实现重绘，主要用于实现对话框用户区的颜色重绘。
4. 在WM_INIT_DIALOG消息中初始化对话框中的控件，这里初始化了FrameWin。
5. 初始化背景颜色的初始值_acColor[ucBackColor]。
6. 这里加入了消息WM_MOUSEOVER，这个消息的功能是指针输入设备接触到窗口轮廓时发送到窗口。仅在启用鼠标支持时发送。在这个消息里面切换对话框的背景色变量，然后调用函数WM_InvalidateWindow，一旦调用这个函数就会去执行此对话框的WM_PAINT消息。
这个例子的实际显示效果如下：
PID类型的其它消息，大家可以在模拟器上面做一个简单的测试，后面用到的时候还会跟大家详细讲解。
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33.5 通知代码类型消息实例
这里我们还用上面创建的例子，只不过这次我们主要通过对话框上的按钮来实现这种消息类型。代码如下（可以直接复制到模拟器上面运行或者开发板上面）：
复制代码
#include
#include "GUI.h"
#include "DIALOG.h"
#include "WM.h"
#include "BUTTON.h"
#include "CHECKBOX.h"
#include "DROPDOWN.h"
#include "EDIT.h"
#include "FRAMEWIN.h"
#include "LISTBOX.h"
#include "MULTIEDIT.h"
#include "RADIO.h"
#include "SLIDER.h"
#include "TEXT.h"
#include "PROGBAR.h"
#include "SCROLLBAR.h"
#include "LISTVIEW.h"
/*********************************************************************
*
* static data
*
**********************************************************************
*/
GUI_COLOR _acColor[3] = {GUI_BLUE,GUI_RED,GUI_YELLOW};
static char ucBackColor;
/*********************************************************************
*
* Dialog resource
*
* This table conatins the info required to create the dialog.
* It has been created by ucGUIbuilder.
*/
static const GUI_WIDGET_CREATE_INFO _aDialogCreate[] = {
{ FRAMEWIN_CreateIndirect, "armfly", 0, 0, 0, 800,480,FRAMEWIN_CF_MOVEABLE,0},
{ BUTTON_CreateIndirect, "BUTTON0", GUI_ID_BUTTON0, 82, 122,162,37, 0,0},
{ BUTTON_CreateIndirect, "BUTTON1", GUI_ID_BUTTON1, 357,123,152,35, 0,0}
};
/*****************************************************************
** FunctionName:void PaintDialog(WM_MESSAGE * pMsg)
** Function: to initialize the Dialog items
**
** call this function in _cbCallback --> WM_PAINT
*****************************************************************/
void PaintDialog(WM_MESSAGE * pMsg)
{
WM_HWIN hWin = pMsg->hWin;
GUI_SetBkColor(_acColor[ucBackColor]);
GUI_Clear();
}
/*****************************************************************
** FunctionName:void InitDialog(WM_MESSAGE * pMsg)
** Function: to initialize the Dialog items
**
** call this function in _cbCallback --> WM_INIT_DIALOG
*****************************************************************/
void InitDialog(WM_MESSAGE * pMsg)
{
WM_HWIN hWin = pMsg->hWin;
//
//FRAMEWIN
//
FRAMEWIN_SetFont(hWin,&GUI_Font24B_ASCII);
FRAMEWIN_SetTextAlign(hWin,GUI_TA_VCENTER|GUI_TA_CENTER);
FRAMEWIN_AddCloseButton(hWin, FRAMEWIN_BUTTON_RIGHT, 0);
FRAMEWIN_AddMaxButton(hWin, FRAMEWIN_BUTTON_RIGHT, 1);
FRAMEWIN_AddMinButton(hWin, FRAMEWIN_BUTTON_RIGHT, 2);
FRAMEWIN_SetTitleHeight(hWin,30);
/* 默认颜色取*/
ucBackColor = 0;
}
/*********************************************************************
*
* Dialog callback routine
*/
static void _cbCallback(WM_MESSAGE * pMsg)
{
int NCode, Id;
WM_HWIN hWin = pMsg->hWin;
switch (pMsg->MsgId)
{
case WM_MOUSEOVER:
break;
case WM_PAINT:
PaintDialog(pMsg);
break;
case WM_INIT_DIALOG:
InitDialog(pMsg);
break;
case WM_KEY:
switch (((WM_KEY_INFO*)(pMsg->Data.p))->Key)
{
case GUI_KEY_ESCAPE:
GUI_EndDialog(hWin, 1);
break;
case GUI_KEY_ENTER:
GUI_EndDialog(hWin, 0);
break;
}
break;
case WM_NOTIFY_PARENT:
Id = WM_GetId(pMsg->hWinSrc);
NCode = pMsg->Data.v;
switch (Id)
{
case GUI_ID_OK:
if(NCode==WM_NOTIFICATION_RELEASED)
GUI_EndDialog(hWin, 0);
break;
case GUI_ID_CANCEL:
if(NCode==WM_NOTIFICATION_RELEASED)
GUI_EndDialog(hWin, 0);
break;
case GUI_ID_BUTTON0:
switch(NCode)
{
case WM_NOTIFICATION_CLICKED:（1）
ucBackColor++;
if (ucBackColor == 3)
{
ucBackColor = 0;
}
WM_InvalidateWindow(hWin);
break;
case WM_NOTIFICATION_RELEASED:
break;
case WM_NOTIFICATION_MOVED_OUT:
break;
}
break;
case GUI_ID_BUTTON1:
switch(NCode)
{
case WM_NOTIFICATION_CLICKED:（2）
ucBackColor--;
if (ucBackColor < 0)
{
ucBackColor = 2;
}
WM_InvalidateWindow(hWin);
break;
case WM_NOTIFICATION_RELEASED:
break;
case WM_NOTIFICATION_MOVED_OUT:
break;
}
break;
}
break;
default:
WM_DefaultProc(pMsg);
}
}
/*********************************************************************
*
* MainTask
*
**********************************************************************
*/
void MainTask(void)
{
GUI_Init();
WM_SetDesktopColor(GUI_BLUE); /* Automacally update desktop window */
WM_SetCreateFlags(WM_CF_MEMDEV); /* Use memory devices on all windows to avoid flicker */
PROGBAR_SetDefaultSkin(PROGBAR_SKIN_FLEX);
FRAMEWIN_SetDefaultSkin(FRAMEWIN_SKIN_FLEX);
PROGBAR_SetDefaultSkin(PROGBAR_SKIN_FLEX);
BUTTON_SetDefaultSkin(BUTTON_SKIN_FLEX);
CHECKBOX_SetDefaultSkin(CHECKBOX_SKIN_FLEX);
DROPDOWN_SetDefaultSkin(DROPDOWN_SKIN_FLEX);
SCROLLBAR_SetDefaultSkin(SCROLLBAR_SKIN_FLEX);
SLIDER_SetDefaultSkin(SLIDER_SKIN_FLEX);
HEADER_SetDefaultSkin(HEADER_SKIN_FLEX);
RADIO_SetDefaultSkin(RADIO_SKIN_FLEX);
GUI_ExecDialogBox(_aDialogCreate, GUI_COUNTOF(_aDialogCreate), &_cbCallback, 0, 0, 0);
}
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1. 这里主要是实现按钮的WM_NOTIFICATION_CLICKED消息。如果用户按下这个按钮，那么就切换背景颜色。
2. 同上，只不过这里用的是另一个按钮。
3. 实际显示效果和上面33.4小节的贴图是一样的。
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33.6 总结
本期教程就跟大家讲这么多，只给大家具了部分消息类型的通信实例，后面还会通过更多例子来强化大家对这方面知识的理解。
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/6 
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