【迪文COF结构智能屏试用体验】基于ESP32ULP协处理器的超低功耗环境监测系统

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基于迪文屏的温度与磁场变化显示

本帖最后由龘龘_ 于 2022-4-5 19:08 编辑

前言
本文使用ESP32的ULP协处理器可在深度睡眠状态访问外设资源从而获取传感器数据。通过RTC寄存器定时每秒唤醒ESP32串口传输数据给迪文屏进行数据显示，显示完毕进入深度睡眠。通过MQTT协议将采集到的数值传入到为用户搭建的HomeAssistant监控系统中，用户不仅可以通过迪文屏进行查看，还可以通过PC端、手机安卓端或linux系统显示。另外，在同等供电电压的情况下，此设备的平均工作电流从正常工作的50~120mA降至10~11mA左右。本文使用ESP32-WROOM-32模块核心板，可通过替换LDO供压芯片为BUCK-BOOST芯片和分离USB-TTL电路实现更低功耗。理论情况下，ULP协处理器的平均电流可以低于10uA。
本文使用4.3寸800*480一体黑电容触摸迪文屏，效果视频中仅展示了温度变化与磁场N极与S极的变化。

正文
步骤一：创建与设置DGUSII上位机工程
①生成背景图片icl文件，并命名为 23背景图片；

②放置2个数据变量显示控件与2个动态曲线控件。

——数据变量1控件用于显示温度数值，变量地址为1000，字体大小为32，整数位数为3。

——数据变量2控件用于显示磁场数值，变量地址为2000，字体大小为32，整数位数为3。

——动态曲线1控件用于显示温度变化，Y_Central为322，VD-Central为100，曲线颜色为1E94，纵轴放大倍数为263。

——动态曲线2控件用于显示磁场变化，Y_Central为322，VD-Central为200，曲线颜色为1E94，纵轴放大倍数为131。

如果屏幕尺寸和本文不同的话，需要参考《T5L DGUSII应用开发指南》中相应控件的参数声明进行修改。

③生成16级灰度字库。使用16级灰度字库生成工具，找到32号宋体，打钩，生成该字体字库，并命名为 0灰度字库。

④点击保存与生成按钮。将DWIN_SET文件夹下除了图片的文件都拷贝到SD卡。(迪文屏最大支持与兼容16G的SD卡，若插入SD卡后未进入烧录状态，需要格式化或更换SD卡)

⑤出现END字样即说明烧录完成，断电，拔出SD卡，重新上电。可以看到SD卡成功上电。

步骤二：编写ESP32ULP协处理器代码

在编写之前需要确保已经搭建Arduino IDE的ESP32开发环境，并且根据ULPTOOL环境搭建进行搭建汇编语言的编译。

①新建工程，并新建adc.s标签与ulp_main.h标签，并将以下代码复制进入相应标签。

ulp.ino

/*
* Must allocate more memory for the ulp in
* esp32/tools/sdk/include/sdkconfig.h
* -> #define CONFIG_ULP_COPROC_RESERVE_MEM
* for this sketch to compile. 2048b seems
* good.
*/
#include "esp_sleep.h"
#include "driver/rtc_io.h"
#include "driver/adc.h"
#include "esp32/ulp.h"
#include "ulp_main.h"
#include "ulptool.h"
#include "soc/soc.h"
#include "soc/soc_ulp.h"
#include "driver/gpio.h"
extern const uint8_t ulp_main_bin_start[] asm("_binary_ulp_main_bin_start");
extern const uint8_t ulp_main_bin_end[] asm("_binary_ulp_main_bin_end");
uint16_t a=0;
/* This function is called once after power-on reset, to load ULP program into
RTC memory and configure the ADC.
*/
static void init_ulp_program();
/* This function is called every time before going into deep sleep.
It starts the ULP program and resets measurement counter.
*/
static void start_ulp_program();
void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
delay(100);
esp_sleep_wakeup_cause_t cause = esp_sleep_get_wakeup_cause();
if (cause != ESP_SLEEP_WAKEUP_ULP) {
Serial.printf("Not ULP wakeupn");
init_ulp_program();
} else {
/*打印温度值*/
//Serial.println("--------------------------------------------------------------------------");
Serial.printf("xffxffxff");
delay(10);
Serial.printf("Tsens.val=%dxFFxFFxFF", (uint16_t)ulp_tsens_value); //除以4.524
Serial.printf("x5AxA5x0Dx82x03x10x5axa5x01");
Serial.write(0);
Serial.write(0);
Serial.printf("x01");
if((uint16_t)ulp_tsens_value<256)
{
Serial.write(0);
Serial.write((uint16_t)ulp_tsens_value);
}else
{
Serial.write((uint16_t)ulp_tsens_value);
}
Serial.printf("xFFxFF");
delay(10);
Serial.printf("rn");
Serial.printf("x5AxA5x05x82x10");
Serial.write(0);
if((uint16_t)ulp_tsens_value<256)
{
Serial.write(0);
Serial.write((uint16_t)ulp_tsens_value);
}else
{
Serial.write((uint16_t)ulp_tsens_value);
}
Serial.printf("xFFxFF");
/*打印霍尔值*/
//Serial.println("--------------------------------------------------------------------------");
Serial.printf("ULP wakeup, printing hall sensor valuen");
Serial.printf("ulp_hall_sensor:rnSens_Vp0:%drn,Sens_Vn0:%drn,Sens_Vp1:%drn,Sens_Vn1:%drn",
(uint16_t)ulp_Sens_Vp0, (uint16_t)ulp_Sens_Vn0, (uint16_t)ulp_Sens_Vp1, (uint16_t)ulp_Sens_Vn1);
Serial.printf("xffxffxff");
delay(10);
//Serial.printf("offset.val=%dxFFxFFxFF", ((uint16_t)ulp_Sens_Vp0 - (uint16_t)ulp_Sens_Vp1) - ((uint16_t)ulp_Sens_Vn0 - (uint16_t)ulp_Sens_Vn1));
a=((uint16_t)ulp_Sens_Vp0 - (uint16_t)ulp_Sens_Vp1) - ((uint16_t)ulp_Sens_Vn0 - (uint16_t)ulp_Sens_Vn1);
a=a+200;
Serial.printf("offset.val=%dxFFxFFxFF",a);
//delay(5000);
Serial.printf("x5AxA5x0Dx82x03x10x5axa5x01");
Serial.write(0);
Serial.printf("x01");
Serial.printf("x01");
if(a<256)
{
Serial.write(0);
Serial.write(a);
}else
{
Serial.write(a);
}
Serial.printf("xFFxFF");
Serial.printf("x5AxA5x05x82x20");
Serial.write(0);
a=fabs(a-200);
if(a<256)
{
Serial.write(0);
Serial.write(a);
}else
{
Serial.write(a);
}
Serial.printf("xFFxFF");
//delay(5000);
delay(10);
Serial.printf("rn");
//Serial.println("--------------------------------------------------------------------------");
}
Serial.printf("Entering deep sleepnn");
start_ulp_program();
ESP_ERROR_CHECK( esp_sleep_enable_ulp_wakeup() );
esp_deep_sleep_start();
}
void loop() {
}
static void init_ulp_program()
{
esp_err_t err = ulptool_load_binary(0, ulp_main_bin_start,
(ulp_main_bin_end - ulp_main_bin_start) / sizeof(uint32_t));
ESP_ERROR_CHECK(err);
/* Configure ADC channel */
/* Note: when changing channel here, also change 'adc_channel' constant
in adc.S */
/* The ADC1 channel 0 input voltage will be reduced to about 1/2 */ /*霍尔通道D36*/
adc1_config_channel_atten(ADC1_CHANNEL_0, ADC_ATTEN_DB_6);
/* The ADC1 channel 3 input voltage will be reduced to about 1/2 */ /*霍尔通道D39*/
adc1_config_channel_atten(ADC1_CHANNEL_3, ADC_ATTEN_DB_6);/*衰减*/
adc1_config_width(ADC_WIDTH_BIT_12);
adc1_ulp_enable();
/* Set ULP wake up period to 1000ms */
ulp_set_wakeup_period(0, 1000 * 1000);
/* Disable pullup on GPIO15, in case it is connected to ground to suppress
boot messages.
*/
rtc_gpio_pullup_dis(GPIO_NUM_15);
rtc_gpio_hold_en(GPIO_NUM_15);
}
static void start_ulp_program()
{
/* Start the program */
esp_err_t err = ulp_run((&ulp_entry - RTC_SLOW_MEM) / sizeof(uint32_t));
ESP_ERROR_CHECK(err);
}

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adc.s

/* ULP Example: using ADC in deep sleep
This example code is in the Public Domain (or CC0 licensed, at your option.)
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, this
software is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR
CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
This file contains assembly code which runs on the ULP.
ULP wakes up to run this code at a certain period, determined by the values
in SENS_ULP_CP_SLEEP_CYCx_REG registers. On each wake up, the program
measures input voltage on the given ADC channel 'adc_oversampling_factor'
times. Measurements are accumulated and average value is calculated.
Average value is compared to the two thresholds: 'low_thr' and 'high_thr'.
If the value is less than 'low_thr' or more than 'high_thr', ULP wakes up
the chip from deep sleep.
*/
/* ULP assembly files are passed through C preprocessor first, so include directives
and C macros may be used in these files
*/
#include "soc/rtc_cntl_reg.h"
#include "soc/soc_ulp.h"
#include "soc/sens_reg.h"
#include "soc/rtc_io_reg.h"
.set adc_channel1, 7
/* 霍尔Configure the number of ADC samples to average on each measurement.
For convenience, make it a power of 2. */
.set adc_oversampling_factor_log, 2
.set adc_oversampling_factor, (1 << adc_oversampling_factor_log)
.bss
.global tsens_value/*定义变量为0 declaration of label*/
tsens_value:
.long 0
.global Sens_Vp0/*霍尔*/
Sens_Vp0:
.long 0
.global Sens_Vn0
Sens_Vn0:
.long 0
.global Sens_Vp1
Sens_Vp1:
.long 0
.global Sens_Vn1
Sens_Vn1:
.long 0
/* Code goes into .text section */
.text
.global entry
entry:
/* do measurements using ADC */
/* Force power up */ /*测温*/
WRITE_RTC_REG(SENS_SAR_MEAS_WAIT2_REG, SENS_FORCE_XPD_SAR_S, 2, SENS_FORCE_XPD_SAR_PU)
tsens r0, 1000
move r3, tsens_value /*MOVE R1, label // R1 = address_of(label)*/
st r0, r3, 0 /*ST Rsrc, Rdst, 偏移量*/
/*霍尔值*/
/* SENS_XPD_HALL_FORCE = 1, hall sensor force enable, XPD HALL is controlled by SW */
WRITE_RTC_REG(SENS_SAR_TOUCH_CTRL1_REG, SENS_XPD_HALL_FORCE_S, 1, 1)
/* RTC_IO_XPD_HALL = 1, xpd hall, Power on hall sensor and connect to VP and VN */
WRITE_RTC_REG(RTC_IO_HALL_SENS_REG, RTC_IO_XPD_HALL_S, 1, 1)
/* SENS_HALL_PHASE_FORCE = 1, phase force, HALL PHASE is controlled by SW */
WRITE_RTC_REG(SENS_SAR_TOUCH_CTRL1_REG, SENS_HALL_PHASE_FORCE_S, 1, 1)
/* RTC_IO_HALL_PHASE = 0, phase of hall sensor */
WRITE_RTC_REG(RTC_IO_HALL_SENS_REG, RTC_IO_HALL_PHASE_S, 1, 0)
/* SENS_FORCE_XPD_SAR, Force power up */
WRITE_RTC_REG(SENS_SAR_MEAS_WAIT2_REG, SENS_FORCE_XPD_SAR_S, 2, SENS_FORCE_XPD_SAR_PU)
/* do measurements using ADC */
/* r2, r3 will be used as accumulator */
move r2, 0
move r3, 0
/* initialize the loop counter */
stage_rst
measure0:
/* measure Sar_Mux = 1 to get vp0 */
adc r0, 0, 1
add r2, r2, r0
/* measure Sar_Mux = 4 to get vn0 */
adc r1, 0, 4
add r3, r3, r1
/* increment loop counter and check exit condition */
stage_inc 1
jumps measure0, adc_oversampling_factor, lt
/* divide accumulator by adc_oversampling_factor.
Since it is chosen as a power of two, use right shift */
rsh r2, r2, adc_oversampling_factor_log
/* averaged value is now in r2; store it into Sens_Vp0 */
move r0, Sens_Vp0
st r2, r0, 0
/* r3 divide 4 which means rsh 2 bits */
rsh r3, r3, adc_oversampling_factor_log
/* averaged value is now in r3; store it into Sens_Vn0 */
move r1, Sens_Vn0
st r3, r1, 0
/* RTC_IO_HALL_PHASE = 1, phase of hall sensor */
WRITE_RTC_REG(RTC_IO_HALL_SENS_REG, RTC_IO_HALL_PHASE_S, 1, 1)
/* do measurements using ADC */
/* r2, r3 will be used as accumulator */
move r2, 0
move r3, 0
/* initialize the loop counter */
stage_rst
measure1:
/* measure Sar_Mux = 1 to get vp1 */
adc r0, 0, 1
add r2, r2, r0
/* measure Sar_Mux = 4 to get vn1 */
adc r1, 0, 4
add r3, r3, r1
/* increment loop counter and check exit condition */
stage_inc 1
jumps measure1, adc_oversampling_factor, lt
/* divide accumulator by adc_oversampling_factor.
Since it is chosen as a power of two, use right shift */
rsh r2, r2, adc_oversampling_factor_log
/* averaged value is now in r2; store it into Sens_Vp1 */
move r0, Sens_Vp1
st r2, r0, 0
/* r3 divide 4 which means rsh 2 bits */
rsh r3, r3, adc_oversampling_factor_log
/* averaged value is now in r3; store it into Sens_Vn1 */
move r1, Sens_Vn1
st r3, r1, 0
jump wake_up
/* Get ULP back to sleep */
.global exit
exit:
halt
.global wake_up
wake_up:
/* Check if the SoC can be woken up */
READ_RTC_REG(RTC_CNTL_DIAG0_REG, 19, 1)
and r0, r0, 1
jump exit, eq
/* Wake up the SoC and stop ULP program */
wake
/* Stop the wakeup timer so it does not restart ULP */
WRITE_RTC_FIELD(RTC_CNTL_STATE0_REG, RTC_CNTL_ULP_CP_SLP_TIMER_EN, 0)
halt

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ulp_main.h

#include "Arduino.h"
extern uint32_t ulp_entry;
extern uint32_t ulp_tsens_value;
extern uint32_t ulp_Sens_Vp0;
extern uint32_t ulp_Sens_Vn0;
extern uint32_t ulp_Sens_Vp1;
extern uint32_t ulp_Sens_Vn1;

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②保存并连接ESP32，编译并上传烧录代码。烧录完成后可以通过串口助手查看都如下图情况，ESP32每1s睡眠唤醒传输一次数据。

③串口助手调试迪文屏

如上图，我们可以知道动态曲线控件的通信方式，我们如法炮制可以知道单数据发送到通道0的通信方式。本文使用串口数据调试迪文串口屏是否能够接受数据。发送以下16进制并观察串口屏曲线控件与数据变量控件是否显示数据。如果发送后串口助手接收到迪文屏返回的信息即表示通信成功，如果返回的是乱码，则需要勾选16进制显示。如果没有返回任何信息，请检查所使用的u***数据线是否具有通信功能或者使用u***-ttl模块。效果如下图：

5A A5 0D 82 0310 5AA5 0100 0001 0077

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其中0077即为通信传输到曲线通道0的数据。

5A A5 0D 82 0310 5AA5 0100 0101 0155

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其中0155即为通信传输到曲线通道1的数据。

5A A5 05 82 1000 0042

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其中0042即为通信传输到温度数据变量显示控件地址1000的数据。

5A A5 05 82 2000 00bc

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其中00bc即为通信传输到磁场数据变量显示控件地址2000的数据。

串口数据发送结束要加上0xffff表示发送完毕(在串口助手中勾选发送新行 )，如果在串口助手通信过程中出现电脑蓝屏现象，建议使用SSCOM串口工具进行通信或者使用USB-TTL工具连接迪文串口屏的URX与UTX进行通信。

③将ESP32与迪文屏供电，RX与TX相连，然后迪文屏将显示与顶部视频一样的效果。如果没有效果，则对调连接RX与TX的线。
步骤三：通过MQTT协议上传监控数据至HomeAssistant系统
将ULP采集传感器的ESP32通过串口、蓝牙或WIFI可以将数据传入另一个中控ESP32,中控ES32负责采集其余ESP32的数据并上传。(ulp的esp32代码中并未添加与中控ESP32通信的代码，需要的自行添加)。以下是MQTT上传至HomeAssistant系统的步骤:
①搭建HomeAssistant系统，没接触过的可以参考HomeAssistant搭建教程，更多的视频教程可以看该视频作者的其余视频，本文不再长篇概述。
②安装PubSubClient库用于MQTT协议上传数据。
③创建工程复制以下代码