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启动文件作用
2 STM32启动文件作用
1、配置栈 Stack_Size EQU 0x00000400 AREA STACK, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3 Stack_Mem SPACE Stack_Size __initial_sp EQU:相当于C中的define,定义Stack_Size = 0x00000400。 AREA: 指令指示汇编程序汇编新的代码节或数据节。节是不可分的已命名独立代码或数据块,它们由链接器处理。有关详细信息。STACK表示段名,可任意命名。NOINIT表示不初始化;READWRITE表可读可写;ALIGN=3表示按2^3对齐,8字节对齐。 SPACE: 用于分配一定大小的内存空间,单位为字节。这里指定的大小为Stack_Size,即1KB的空间。 __initial_sp: __initial_sp紧跟SPACE语句后,表示栈的结束地址,即战斗地址。初始化栈指针指向,指向栈顶。 2、配置堆 堆用于动态内存的分配。类似malloc() ; ; ; Heap_Size EQU 0x00000200 AREA HEAP, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3 __heap_base Heap_Mem SPACE Heap_Size __heap_limit PRESERVE8 THUMB __heap_base:表示堆的起始地址。 __heap_limit:表示堆的结束地址。(栈和堆生长方向相反) PRESERVE8:当前堆栈以8字节对齐。 THUMB:表示后面的指令兼容THUMB指令,16bit。是为了兼容老帮帮 3、初始化中断向量表 ; Vector Table Mapped to Address 0 at Reset AREA RESET, DATA, READONLY EXPORT __Vectors EXPORT __Vectors_End EXPORT __Vectors_Size __Vectors DCD __initial_sp ; Top of Stack DCD Reset_Handler ; Reset Handler DCD NMI_Handler ; NMI Handler DCD HardFault_Handler ; Hard Fault Handler DCD MemManage_Handler ; MPU Fault Handler DCD BusFault_Handler ; Bus Fault Handler DCD UsageFault_Handler ; Usage Fault Handler DCD 0 ; Reserved DCD 0 ; Reserved ;.....后面省略 __Vectors_End __Vectors_Size EQU __Vectors_End - __Vectors AREA |.text|, CODE, READONLY 中断相关知识: 当内核响应了一个发生的异常后,对应的异常服务例程(ESR)就会执行。为了决定ESR的入口地址,内核使用了“向量表查表机制”。 这里定义的向量表是一个WORD(32位整数)数组,每一个下标对应一种异常,该下标元素则是该ESR的入口地址。 向量表在地址空间中的位置是可以设置的,通过NVIC中的一个重定位寄存器来指出向量表的地址。在复位后,该寄存器的值为0。因此,在地址0 (即FLASH地址0)处必须包 含一张向量表,用于初始时的异常分配。要注意的是这里有个另类: 0 号类型并不是什么 入口地址,而是给出了复位后MSP的初值。 具体分析: i.AREA RESET, DATA, READONLY;汇编一个 名叫 RESET,类型位DATA型,只可读的数据段。 ii.EXPORT __Vectors;表示本模块中定义的符号可以为外部模块使用,使符号具有全局属性。 向量表从FLASH的0地址开始放置,以4个字节为一个单位,地址0存放的是栈 顶地址,0X04存放的是复位程序的地址,以此类推。从代码上看,向量表中存放的都 是中断服务函数的函数名,可我们知道C语言中的函数名就是-一个地址。 iii.DCD:分配一个或者多个以字为单位的内存,以四字节对齐,并要求初始化这些内 存。在向量表中, DCD分配了-堆内存,并且以ESR的入口地址初始化它们。 第一个__initial_sp,堆栈指针地址。 第二个Reset_Handler,复位程序地址。 第三个NMI_Handler,不可屏蔽中断。 第八个0,表示保留 iv.__Vectors_Size EQU __Vectors_End - __Vectors;向量表大小等于起始地址-结束地址。 4、复位程序 AREA |.text|, CODE, READONLY ; Reset handler Reset_Handler PROC EXPORT Reset_Handler [WEAK] IMPORT __main IMPORT SystemInit LDR R0, =SystemInit BLX R0 LDR R0, =__main BX R0 ENDP ; Dummy Exception Handlers (infinite loops which can be modified) i.AREA |.text|, CODE, READONLY ; 取名叫|.text|,类型位 CODE 代码类型 ii.Reset_Handler PROC ; PROC 定义子程序,ENDP表示定义结束。 iii.EXPORT Reset_Handler [WEAK] ; [WEAK]表示弱定义,可以在其他文件重新定义实现。 iv.IMPORT __main ; IMPORT相当于C语言的extern,定义外部的函数__main。 _main是一个标准的C库函数,主要作用是初始化用户堆栈,并在函数的最后调用main函数去到C的世界。这就是为什么我们写的程序都有 一个main函数的原因。 v.IMPORT SystemInit ; 定义外部的函数SystemInit ,在system_stm32f10x.c中,SystemInit 使关于配置时钟的函数。 vi. LDR R0, =SystemInit ; 将符号SystemInit所对应的地址装载到寄存器R0中. 5、中断服务函数 NMI_Handler PROC EXPORT NMI_Handler [WEAK] B . ENDP 中断, i. EXPORT ,表示全局使用;WEAK表示弱定义,表示这个函数可以在C语言中实现。 ii. B . ;B表示跳转指令,. 表示无限循环。(注意:如果在C语言中写错了中断服务函数名字,将会在此无限循环。所以中断函数名一定要和__Vectors 的一样。一般不要修改stm32f10x_it.c的函数就不会出现此错误。) 6、堆栈初始化 有C库函数_main来实现的。 ;******************************************************************************* ; User Stack and Heap initialization ;******************************************************************************* IF :DEF:__MICROLIB;如果DEF(定义)了, __MICROLIB这个宏 EXPORT __initial_sp EXPORT __heap_base EXPORT __heap_limit ;把栈顶地址__initial_sp,堆起始地址__heap_base,堆结束地址__heap_limit ,声明具有全局的属性,可以被其他文件使用。 ELSE;如果没用定义__MICROLIB IMPORT __use_two_region_memory;由用户字节实现 EXPORT __user_initial_stackheap __user_initial_stackheap LDR R0, = Heap_Mem LDR R1, =(Stack_Mem + Stack_Size) LDR R2, = (Heap_Mem + Heap_Size) LDR R3, = Stack_Mem BX LR ALIGN ENDIF END IF :DEF:__MICROLIB EXPORT __initial_sp EXPORT __heap_base EXPORT __heap_limit ELSE IMPORT __use_two_region_memory EXPORT __user_initial_stackheap ;******************** (C) COPYRIGHT 2011 STMicroelectronics ******************** ;* File Name : startup_stm32f10x_hd.s ;* Author : MCD Application Team ;* Version : V3.5.0 ;* Date : 11-March-2011 ;* Description : STM32F10x High Density Devices vector table for MDK-ARM ;* toolchain. ;* This module performs: ;* - Set the initial SP 初始化堆栈指针 ;* - Set the initial PC == Reset_Handler 初始化PC指针 ;* - Set the vector table entries with the exceptions ISR address初始化中断向量表 ;* - Configure the clock system and also configure the external ;* SRAM mounted on STM3210E-EVAL board to be used as data ;* memory (optional, to be enabled by user)配置系统时钟 ;* - Branches to __main in the C library (which eventually ;* calls main()).调用C库函数_main ;* After Reset the CortexM3 processor is in Thread mode, ;* priority is Privileged, and the Stack is set to Main. ;* <<< Use Configuration Wizard in Context Menu >>> ;******************************************************************************* ; THE PRESENT FIRMWARE WHICH IS FOR GUIDANCE ONLY AIMS AT PROVIDING CUSTOMERS ; WITH CODING INFORMATION REGARDING THEIR PRODUCTS IN ORDER FOR THEM TO SAVE TIME. ; AS A RESULT, STMICROELECTRONICS SHALL NOT BE HELD LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, ; INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES WITH RESPECT TO ANY CLAIMS ARISING FROM THE ; CONTENT OF SUCH FIRMWARE AND/OR THE USE MADE BY CUSTOMERS OF THE CODING ; INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IN CONNECTION WITH THEIR PRODUCTS. ;******************************************************************************* ; Amount of memory (in bytes) allocated for Stack ; Tailor this value to your application needs ; ; ; Stack_Size EQU 0x00000400 EQU相当于#define AREA STACK, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3 Stack_Mem SPACE Stack_Size __initial_sp ; ; ; Heap_Size EQU 0x00000200 AREA HEAP, NOINIT, READWRITE, ALIGN=3 __heap_base Heap_Mem SPACE Heap_Size __heap_limit PRESERVE8 THUMB ; Vector Table Mapped to Address 0 at Reset AREA RESET, DATA, READONLY EXPORT __Vectors EXPORT __Vectors_End EXPORT __Vectors_Size __Vectors DCD __initial_sp ; Top of Stack DCD Reset_Handler ; Reset Handler DCD NMI_Handler ; NMI Handler DCD HardFault_Handler ; Hard Fault Handler DCD MemManage_Handler ; MPU Fault Handler DCD BusFault_Handler ; Bus Fault Handler DCD UsageFault_Handler ; Usage Fault Handler DCD 0 ; Reserved DCD 0 ; Reserved DCD 0 ; Reserved DCD 0 ; Reserved DCD SVC_Handler ; SVCall Handler DCD DebugMon_Handler ; Debug Monitor Handler DCD 0 ; Reserved DCD PendSV_Handler ; PendSV Handler DCD SysTick_Handler ; SysTick Handler ; External Interrupts DCD WWDG_IRQHandler ; Window Watchdog DCD PVD_IRQHandler ; PVD through EXTI Line detect DCD TAMPER_IRQHandler ; Tamper DCD RTC_IRQHandler ; RTC DCD FLASH_IRQHandler ; Flash DCD RCC_IRQHandler ; RCC DCD EXTI0_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 0 DCD EXTI1_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 1 DCD EXTI2_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 2 DCD EXTI3_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 3 DCD EXTI4_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 4 DCD DMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 1 DCD DMA1_Channel2_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 2 DCD DMA1_Channel3_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 3 DCD DMA1_Channel4_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 4 DCD DMA1_Channel5_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 5 DCD DMA1_Channel6_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 6 DCD DMA1_Channel7_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 7 DCD ADC1_2_IRQHandler ; ADC1 & ADC2 DCD USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQHandler ; USB High Priority or CAN1 TX DCD USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler ; USB Low Priority or CAN1 RX0 DCD CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler ; CAN1 RX1 DCD CAN1_SCE_IRQHandler ; CAN1 SCE DCD EXTI9_5_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 9..5 DCD TIM1_BRK_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Break DCD TIM1_UP_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Update DCD TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Trigger and Commutation DCD TIM1_CC_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Capture Compare DCD TIM2_IRQHandler ; TIM2 DCD TIM3_IRQHandler ; TIM3 DCD TIM4_IRQHandler ; TIM4 DCD I2C1_EV_IRQHandler ; I2C1 Event DCD I2C1_ER_IRQHandler ; I2C1 Error DCD I2C2_EV_IRQHandler ; I2C2 Event DCD I2C2_ER_IRQHandler ; I2C2 Error DCD SPI1_IRQHandler ; SPI1 DCD SPI2_IRQHandler ; SPI2 DCD USART1_IRQHandler ; USART1 DCD USART2_IRQHandler ; USART2 DCD USART3_IRQHandler ; USART3 DCD EXTI15_10_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 15..10 DCD RTCAlarm_IRQHandler ; RTC Alarm through EXTI Line DCD USBWakeUp_IRQHandler ; USB Wakeup from suspend DCD TIM8_BRK_IRQHandler ; TIM8 Break DCD TIM8_UP_IRQHandler ; TIM8 Update DCD TIM8_TRG_COM_IRQHandler ; TIM8 Trigger and Commutation DCD TIM8_CC_IRQHandler ; TIM8 Capture Compare DCD ADC3_IRQHandler ; ADC3 DCD FSMC_IRQHandler ; FSMC DCD SDIO_IRQHandler ; SDIO DCD TIM5_IRQHandler ; TIM5 DCD SPI3_IRQHandler ; SPI3 DCD UART4_IRQHandler ; UART4 DCD UART5_IRQHandler ; UART5 DCD TIM6_IRQHandler ; TIM6 DCD TIM7_IRQHandler ; TIM7 DCD DMA2_Channel1_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Channel1 DCD DMA2_Channel2_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Channel2 DCD DMA2_Channel3_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Channel3 DCD DMA2_Channel4_5_IRQHandler ; DMA2 Channel4 & Channel5 __Vectors_End __Vectors_Size EQU __Vectors_End - __Vectors AREA |.text|, CODE, READONLY ; Reset handler Reset_Handler PROC EXPORT Reset_Handler [WEAK] IMPORT __main IMPORT SystemInit LDR R0, =SystemInit BLX R0 LDR R0, =__main BX R0 ENDP ; Dummy Exception Handlers (infinite loops which can be modified) NMI_Handler PROC EXPORT NMI_Handler [WEAK] B . ENDP HardFault_Handler PROC EXPORT HardFault_Handler [WEAK] B . ENDP MemManage_Handler PROC EXPORT MemManage_Handler [WEAK] B . ENDP BusFault_Handler PROC EXPORT BusFault_Handler [WEAK] B . ENDP UsageFault_Handler PROC EXPORT UsageFault_Handler [WEAK] B . ENDP SVC_Handler PROC EXPORT SVC_Handler [WEAK] B . ENDP DebugMon_Handler PROC EXPORT DebugMon_Handler [WEAK] B . ENDP PendSV_Handler PROC EXPORT PendSV_Handler [WEAK] B . ENDP SysTick_Handler PROC EXPORT SysTick_Handler [WEAK] B . ENDP Default_Handler PROC EXPORT WWDG_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT PVD_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT TAMPER_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT RTC_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT FLASH_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT RCC_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT EXTI0_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT EXTI1_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT EXTI2_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT EXTI3_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT EXTI4_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT DMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT DMA1_Channel2_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT DMA1_Channel3_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT DMA1_Channel4_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT DMA1_Channel5_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT DMA1_Channel6_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT DMA1_Channel7_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT ADC1_2_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT CAN1_SCE_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT EXTI9_5_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT TIM1_BRK_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT TIM1_UP_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT TIM1_CC_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT TIM2_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT TIM3_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT TIM4_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT I2C1_EV_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT I2C1_ER_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT I2C2_EV_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT I2C2_ER_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT SPI1_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT SPI2_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT USART1_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT USART2_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT USART3_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT EXTI15_10_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT RTCAlarm_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT USBWakeUp_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT TIM8_BRK_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT TIM8_UP_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT TIM8_TRG_COM_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT TIM8_CC_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT ADC3_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT FSMC_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT SDIO_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT TIM5_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT SPI3_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT UART4_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT UART5_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT TIM6_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT TIM7_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT DMA2_Channel1_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT DMA2_Channel2_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT DMA2_Channel3_IRQHandler [WEAK] EXPORT DMA2_Channel4_5_IRQHandler [WEAK] WWDG_IRQHandler PVD_IRQHandler TAMPER_IRQHandler RTC_IRQHandler FLASH_IRQHandler RCC_IRQHandler EXTI0_IRQHandler EXTI1_IRQHandler EXTI2_IRQHandler EXTI3_IRQHandler EXTI4_IRQHandler DMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler DMA1_Channel2_IRQHandler DMA1_Channel3_IRQHandler DMA1_Channel4_IRQHandler DMA1_Channel5_IRQHandler DMA1_Channel6_IRQHandler DMA1_Channel7_IRQHandler ADC1_2_IRQHandler USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQHandler USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler CAN1_SCE_IRQHandler EXTI9_5_IRQHandler TIM1_BRK_IRQHandler TIM1_UP_IRQHandler TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler TIM1_CC_IRQHandler TIM2_IRQHandler TIM3_IRQHandler TIM4_IRQHandler I2C1_EV_IRQHandler I2C1_ER_IRQHandler I2C2_EV_IRQHandler I2C2_ER_IRQHandler SPI1_IRQHandler SPI2_IRQHandler USART1_IRQHandler USART2_IRQHandler USART3_IRQHandler EXTI15_10_IRQHandler RTCAlarm_IRQHandler USBWakeUp_IRQHandler TIM8_BRK_IRQHandler TIM8_UP_IRQHandler TIM8_TRG_COM_IRQHandler TIM8_CC_IRQHandler ADC3_IRQHandler FSMC_IRQHandler SDIO_IRQHandler TIM5_IRQHandler SPI3_IRQHandler UART4_IRQHandler UART5_IRQHandler TIM6_IRQHandler TIM7_IRQHandler DMA2_Channel1_IRQHandler DMA2_Channel2_IRQHandler DMA2_Channel3_IRQHandler DMA2_Channel4_5_IRQHandler B . ENDP ALIGN ;******************************************************************************* ; User Stack and Heap initialization ;******************************************************************************* IF :DEF:__MICROLIB EXPORT __initial_sp EXPORT __heap_base EXPORT __heap_limit ELSE IMPORT __use_two_region_memory EXPORT __user_initial_stackheap __user_initial_stackheap LDR R0, = Heap_Mem LDR R1, =(Stack_Mem + Stack_Size) LDR R2, = (Heap_Mem + Heap_Size) LDR R3, = Stack_Mem BX LR ALIGN ENDIF END ;******************* (C) COPYRIGHT 2011 STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE***** |
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