STM32产生PWM是非常的方便的，要需要简单的设置定时器，即刻产生！当然，简单的设置对于新手来讲，也是麻烦的，主要包括： （1）使能定时器时钟：
- RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_tiM3, ENABLE);
（2）定义相应的GPIO：
- /* PA2,3,4,5,6输出->Key_Up,Key_Down,Key_Left,Key_Right,Key_Ctrl */
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_2|GPIO_Pin_3|GPIO_Pin_4|GPIO_Pin_5|GPIO_Pin_6;
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU; //下拉接地，检测输入的高电平
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz; //50M时钟速度
- GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
- /* PA7用于发出PWM波,即无线数据传送 */
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_7;
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz; //50M时钟速度
- GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
（3）如果是产生PWM（频率不变，占空比可变），记得打开PWM控制，在TIM_Configuration()中。
- TIM_Cmd(TIM3,ENABLE);
- /* TIM1 Main Output Enable */
- TIM_CtrlPWMOutputs(TIM1,ENABLE);
利用定时器产生不同频率的PWM 有时候，需要产生不同频率的PWM，这个时候，设置与产生相同PWM的程序，有关键的不一样。 （一） 设置的原理 利用改变定时器输出比较通道的捕获值，当输出通道捕获值产生中断时，在中断中将捕获值改变，这时， 输出的I/O会产生一个电平翻转，利用这种办法，实现不同频率的PWM输出。 （二）关键设置 在定时器设置中：
- TIM_OC2PreloadConfig(TIM3, TIM_OCPreload_Disable);
在中断函数中：
- if (TIM_GetITStatus(TIM3, TIM_IT_CC2) != RESET)
- {
- TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM3, TIM_IT_CC2);
- capture = TIM_GetCapture2(TIM3);
- TIM_SetCompare2(TIM3, capture + Key_Value);
- }
一个定时器四个通道，分别产生不同频率（这个例子网上也有）
- vu16 CCR1_Val = 32768;
- vu16 CCR2_Val = 16384;
- vu16 CCR3_Val = 8192;
- vu16 CCR4_Val = 4096;void TIM_Configuration(void)
- {
- TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseStructure;
- TIM_OCInitTypeDef TIM_OCInitStructure;
- /* TIM2 clock enable */
- RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM2, ENABLE);
- /* ---------------------------------------------------------------
- TIM2 Configuration: Output Compare Toggle Mode:
- TIM2CLK = 36 MHz, Prescaler = 0x2, TIM2 counter clock = 12 MHz
- CC1 update rate = TIM2 counter clock / CCR1_Val = 366.2 Hz
- CC2 update rate = TIM2 counter clock / CCR2_Val = 732.4 Hz
- CC3 update rate = TIM2 counter clock / CCR3_Val = 1464.8 Hz
- CC4 update rate = TIM2 counter clock / CCR4_Val = 2929.6 Hz
- --------------------------------------------------------------- *//* Time base configuration */
- TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = 65535;
- TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler = 2;
- TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = 0;
- TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up;
- TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM2, &TIM_TimeBaseStructure);/* Channel 1 Configuration in PWM mode */
- TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCMode = TIM_OCMode_Toggle; //PWM模式2
- TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OutputState = TIM_OutputState_Enable; //正向通道有效
- TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OutputNState = TIM_OutputNState_Disable;//反向通道无效
- TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_Pulse = CCR1_Val; //占空时间
- TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCPolarity = TIM_OCPolarity_Low; //输出极性
- TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCNPolarity = TIM_OCNPolarity_High; //互补端的极性
- TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCIdleState = TIM_OCIdleState_Set;
- TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCNIdleState = TIM_OCIdleState_Reset;TIM_OC1Init(TIM2,&TIM_OCInitStructure); //通道1
- TIM_OC1PreloadConfig(TIM2, TIM_OCPreload_Disable);TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_Pulse = CCR2_Val; //占空时间
- TIM_OC2Init(TIM2,&TIM_OCInitStructure); //通道2
- TIM_OC2PreloadConfig(TIM2, TIM_OCPreload_Disable);TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_Pulse = CCR3_Val; //占空时间
- TIM_OC3Init(TIM2,&TIM_OCInitStructure); //通道3
- TIM_OC3PreloadConfig(TIM2, TIM_OCPreload_Disable);TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_Pulse = CCR4_Val; //占空时间
- TIM_OC4Init(TIM2,&TIM_OCInitStructure); //通道4
- TIM_OC4PreloadConfig(TIM2, TIM_OCPreload_Disable);
- /* TIM2 counter enable */
- TIM_Cmd(TIM2,ENABLE);
- /* TIM2 Main Output Enable */
- //TIM_CtrlPWMOutputs(TIM2,ENABLE);/* TIM IT enable */
- TIM_ITConfig(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC1 | TIM_IT_CC2 | TIM_IT_CC3 | TIM_IT_CC4, ENABLE);}void GPIO_Configuration(void)
- {
- GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;/*允许总线CLOCK,在使用GPIO之前必须允许相应端的时钟.
- 从STM32的设计角度上说,没被允许的端将不接入时钟,也就不会耗能,
- 这是STM32节能的一种技巧,*/
- RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);
- RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);
- RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOC, ENABLE);
- RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOD, ENABLE);
- /* PA2,3,4,5,6,7输出->LED1,LED2,LED3,LED4,LED5,LED6 */
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_2|GPIO_Pin_3|GPIO_Pin_4|GPIO_Pin_5|GPIO_Pin_6|GPIO_Pin_7;
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_OD; //开漏输出
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz; //50M时钟速度
- GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
- /* PB0,1输出->LED7,LED8*/
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_0|GPIO_Pin_1;
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_OD; //开漏输出
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz; //50M时钟速度
- GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
- /* PA0,1->KEY_LEFT,KEY_RIGHT*/
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_0|GPIO_Pin_1;
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU; //上拉输入
- GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);/* PC13->KEY_UP*/
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_13;
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU; //上拉输入
- GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStructure);/* PB5->KEY_DOWN*/
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_5;
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU; //上拉输入
- GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);/* GPIOA Configuration:TIM2 Channel1, 2, 3 and 4 in Output */
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_0 | GPIO_Pin_1 | GPIO_Pin_2 | GPIO_Pin_3;
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
- GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
- }void NVIC_Configuration(void)
- {
- NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;/* Configure one bit for preemption priority */
- NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_1);NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel=TIM2_IRQn;
- NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority=0;
- NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority=1;
- NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd=ENABLE;
- NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
- }u16 capture = 0;
- extern vu16 CCR1_Val;
- extern vu16 CCR2_Val;
- extern vu16 CCR3_Val;
- extern vu16 CCR4_Val;void TIM2_IRQHandler(void)
- {/* TIM2_CH1 toggling with frequency = 183.1 Hz */
- if (TIM_GetITStatus(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC1) != RESET)
- {
- TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC1 );
- capture = TIM_GetCapture1(TIM2);
- TIM_SetCompare1(TIM2, capture + CCR1_Val );
- }
- /* TIM2_CH2 toggling with frequency = 366.2 Hz */
- if (TIM_GetITStatus(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC2) != RESET)
- {
- TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC2);
- capture = TIM_GetCapture2(TIM2);
- TIM_SetCompare2(TIM2, capture + CCR2_Val);
- }/* TIM2_CH3 toggling with frequency = 732.4 Hz */
- if (TIM_GetITStatus(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC3) != RESET)
- {
- TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC3);
- capture = TIM_GetCapture3(TIM2);
- TIM_SetCompare3(TIM2, capture + CCR3_Val);
- }/* TIM2_CH4 toggling with frequency = 1464.8 Hz */
- if (TIM_GetITStatus(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC4) != RESET)
- {
- TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM2, TIM_IT_CC4);
- capture = TIM_GetCapture4(TIM2);
- TIM_SetCompare4(TIM2, capture + CCR4_Val);
- }}
一个定时器一个通道，产生不同频率 其它的设置都一样，就是在主函数中修改一个参数，然后在定时器中断中，根据这个参数，改变频率。
- #include "stm32lib\stm32f10x.h"
- #include "hal.h"volatile u16 Key_Value=1000; //用于保存按键相应的PWM波占空比值
- int main(void)
- {
- ChipHalInit();
- ChipOutHalInit();while(1)
- {
- if( (!Get_Key_Up)&(!Get_Key_Down)&(!Get_Key_Left)&(!Get_Key_Right)&(!Get_Key_Ctrl) )
- {
- Key_Value=12000;
- }
- else
- {
- if(Get_Key_Up) //按键前进按下 ,对应1kHz
- {
- Key_Value=6000;
- }
- else if(Get_Key_Down) //按键后退按下 ,对应2kHz
- {
- Key_Value=3000;
- }
- Delay_Ms(20); //10ms延时if(Get_Key_Left) //按键左转按下,对应3kHz
- {
- Key_Value=2000;
- }
- else if(Get_Key_Right) //按键右转按下,对应4kHz
- {
- Key_Value=1500;
- }
- Delay_Ms(20); //10ms延时if(Get_Key_Ctrl) //按键控制按下,对应5kHz
- {
- Key_Value=1200;
- }
- Delay_Ms(20); //10ms延时
- }
- }
- }extern volatile u16 Key_Value;
- u16 capture=0;
- void TIM3_IRQHandler(void)
- {
- /* TIM2_CH2 toggling with frequency = 366.2 Hz */
- if (TIM_GetITStatus(TIM3, TIM_IT_CC2) != RESET)
- {
- TIM_ClearITPendingBit(TIM3, TIM_IT_CC2);
- capture = TIM_GetCapture2(TIM3);
- TIM_SetCompare2(TIM3, capture + Key_Value);
- }
- }void TIM3_Configuration(void)
- {
- TIM_TimeBaseInitTypeDef TIM_TimeBaseStructure;
- TIM_OCInitTypeDef TIM_OCInitStructure;/* TIM2 clock enable */
- RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_TIM3, ENABLE);/*TIM1时钟配置*/
- TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Prescaler = 5; //预分频(时钟分频)72M/6=12M
- TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_CounterMode = TIM_CounterMode_Up; //向上计数
- TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_Period = 65535; //装载值选择最大
- TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_ClockDivision = TIM_CKD_DIV1;
- TIM_TimeBaseStructure.TIM_RepetitionCounter = 0x0;
- TIM_TimeBaseInit(TIM3,&TIM_TimeBaseStructure);/* Channel 1 Configuration in PWM mode */
- TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCMode = TIM_OCMode_Toggle; //PWM模式2
- TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OutputState = TIM_OutputState_Enable; //正向通道有效
- TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OutputNState = TIM_OutputNState_Disable;//反向通道无效
- TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_Pulse = Key_Value; //占空时间
- TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCPolarity = TIM_OCPolarity_Low; //输出极性
- TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCNPolarity = TIM_OCNPolarity_High; //互补端的极性
- TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCIdleState = TIM_OCIdleState_Set;
- TIM_OCInitStructure.TIM_OCNIdleState = TIM_OCIdleState_Reset;TIM_OC2Init(TIM3,&TIM_OCInitStructure); //通道2
- TIM_OC2PreloadConfig(TIM3, TIM_OCPreload_Disable);
- /* TIM1 counter enable */
- TIM_Cmd(TIM3,ENABLE);
- /* TIM1 Main Output Enable */
- //TIM_CtrlPWMOutputs(TIM1,ENABLE);
- TIM_ITConfig(TIM3, TIM_IT_CC2 , ENABLE);
- }
注意：在计算PWM频率的时候，TIMx的时钟都是72Mhz，分频后，因为翻转两次才能形成一个PWM波，因为，PWM的频率是捕获改变频率的1/2。
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