明远智睿 IMX283内核编译

• 编译主机CPU架构：64位
  

CUP architeture of host used for compilation：64bit

• 编译主机系统：Linux
  

CUP architeture of host used for compilation：64bit

• Linux发行版：Ubuntu
  

Linux release verson:Ubuntu

• Ubuntu版本类型：服务器版
  

Ubuntu version type: saver veresion

• Ubuntu版本号：12.04.5
  

Ubuntu version no.:12.04.5

• Ubuntu系统类型：x86-64
  

Ubuntu system type:x86-64
　　注意：开发主机请使用ubuntu 12.04.5 x86-64（桌面版或服务器版均可），使用其他发行版的Linux或Ubuntu的其它版本可能会遇到的不必要的问题。
Note: The development host should use ubuntu 12.04.5 x86-64（desktop and server version are available），Using other distribution of Linux and other versions of Ubuntu may encounter unnecessary problems

1）文档中以“$”开头的行，其后是Linux命令。
The line in the document which begins with “$”,which is followed by the Linux command.
2）文档中所有的Linux命令建议手动输入到Linux主机执行（直接复制、粘贴到Linux主机上执行，可能会执行失败）。
All the Linux commands in the document are recommended to be entered into the host manually for execution.（Copying ,pasting to the host directly to execute may fail）
3）文档中的Linux执行命令，如果空格后的下一个字符是“-”的（如：sudo apt-get –y install之类的），请手动输入到Linux主机执行（直接复制、粘贴到Linux主机上执行，通常会执行失败）。
In all the Linux execution commands of the document，if the next character after the space is "-",（example：sudo apt-get –y install），please enter into Linux host to execute manually.（Copying ,pasting to the host directly to execute may fail )
4）文档中所有一行没写完的Linux命令请手动输入到Linux主机执行，（因为复制、粘贴命令不能包含类似“换行符”之类的特殊字符）。
any line of Linux commands whichi is not finished is recommended to be entered into the host for execution. (Because copy or paste commands cannot contain special character such as "line breaks"）
5）按文档输入并执行Linux命令时注意观察命令的执行结果与文档图片中的是否一致，以确认命令是否输入有误及是否执行失败。
Note whether the execution result is consistent with the document image when you enter and execute the command. check the command was entered incorrectly or failed to execute.
6）第一遍编译请严格按照文档进行，否则可能出现莫名其妙的错误。
Please follow the document strictly to compile for the first time.Otherwise ,there may be unexpected error

为使视图看起来简洁整齐，截图中的命令提示符统一使用myzr$。
To make the view look neat and tidy , the command prompt in the screenshot should use myzr$ uniformly

在文档的图片中观察“linyn@u12045-serv:~$”开头的行可以直观的看到输入的linux命令。
In the image of the document, you can see the input Linux command visually from the lines that start with “linyn@u12045-serv:~$”。

评估板对应的Linux版本及对应的源码文件见下表：
The corresponding Linux version of the evaluation board and the corresponding source code files are shown in the table below：

Linux程序交叉编译工具：gcc-4.4.4-glibc-2.11.1-multilib-1.0.tar.bz2
Linux program cross compilation tool:gcc-4.4.4-glibc-2.11.1-multilib-1.0.tar.bz2
Linux交叉编译工具配置文件：gcc-4.4.4-glibc-2.11.1-multilib-env
Linux cross compilation tool configuration file:gcc-4.4.4-glibc-2.11.1-multilib-env

1）源码目录
source code directory
$ mkdir -p ~/my-imx28/02_source

2）工具目录
tool directory
$ mkdir -p ~/my-imx28/03_tools

3）镜像目录
image directory
$ mkdir -p ~/my-imx28/04_image

4）应用程序目录
application directory
$ mkdir -p ~/my-imx28/01_application

$ sudo apt-get update

更新完成后如下图所示：
it looks like below after the update

提示：如果编译主机的Linux是32位的，可以跳过此步骤。
tips: if Linux of compilation host is 32bit,then you can skip this step

$ sudo apt-get -y install aptitude

提示：上图为安装过aptitude后，再次执行安装命令的截图。
tips: the above image is the screenshots after re-execution of installation command when intallation of aptitude was completed

$ sudo aptitude -y install ia32-libs

提示：上图为安装过aptitude和ia32-libs后，再次执行安装命令的截图。
tips: the above image is the screenshots after re-execution of installation command when intallation of aptitude and ia32-libs was completed

$ sudo apt-get -y install uboot-mkimage
提示：下图为安装过mkimage工具后，再次执行安装命令的截图。
tips: the following image is the screenshots after re-execution of installation command when intallation of mkimage was completed

make menuconfig对其具有依赖性质
make menuconfig is dependant to it
$ sudo aptitude -y install ncurses-dev

提示：上图为安装过ncurses-dev工具后，再次执行安装命令的截图。
tips: the above image is the screenshots after re-execution of installation command when intallation of ncurses-dev was completed

1）进入交叉编译工具链目录
enter cross compilation tool chain diretory
$ cd ~/my-imx28/03_tools/
2）复制Linux交叉编译工具到目录
copy Linux cross compilation tool to directory
将gcc-4.4.4-glibc-2.11.1-multilib-1.0.tar.bz2复制到“~/my-imx28/03_tools”，这一步自己采取相应的方式完成。
copy gcc-4.4.4-glibc-2.11.1-multilib-1.0.tar.bz2 to“~/my-imx28/03_tools”,this step should be done in your own way
3）解压Linux交叉编译工具
decompress Linux cross compilation tool
$ tar jxf gcc-4.4.4-glibc-2.11.1-multilib-1.0.tar.bz2

4）复制交叉编译工具配置文件
copy congigured file of cross compilation tool
将gcc-4.4.4-glibc-2.11.1-multilib-env复制到“~/my-imx28/03_tools”，这一步自己采取相应的方式完成。
copy gcc-4.4.4-glibc-2.11.1-multilib-env to“~/my-imx28/03_tools”,this step should be done in your own way
5）检查安装
check installation
$ source gcc-4.4.4-glibc-2.11.1-multilib-env
$ ${CROSS_COMPILE}gcc –v

将下载的“u-boot源码”复制到Linux开发主机的“~/my-imx28/02_source”。
copy“u-boot source code”downloaded to “~/my-imx28/02_source”of Linux development host
这一步自己采取相应的方式完成。
this step should be done in your own way

$ cd ~/my-imx28/02_source/
$ tar jxf u-boot-2009.08.tar.bz2
$ tar jxf imx-bootlets-src-10.12.01.tar.bz2

$ source ~/my-imx28/03_tools/gcc-4.4.4-glibc-2.11.1-multilib-env

$ cd ~/my-imx28/02_source/u-boot-2009.08

$ make distclean

• MY-IMX28-EVK配置示例：
  

example for configuration of MY-IMX28-EVK
$ make mx28_evk_config

$ make
提示：这里为了提高编译速度，在make后面加了“-j4”。这里编译的Linux主机是双核4线程的，所以“-j”后面用了4，也就是采用4线程编译。“-j”后面的数字可以根据系统资源分配，但是不应该超过编译主机最大支持的线程数。
Tips：To speed up the compilation，add "-j4" after make.The Linux host used to compile is dual-core ,4 threads .So "-j" is followed by 4, which takes 4 threads to compile. The number behind "-j" is allocated based on system resources,but It should not exceed the maximum threads the host support.

• 编译imx28_ivt_uboot.***
  

compile imx28_ivt_uboot.***
提示：imx28_ivt_uboot.***是烧写的镜像。
tips: imx28_ivt_uboot.*** is the image programmed
$ cp u-boot ../imx-bootlets-src-10.12.01
$ cd ../imx-bootlets-src-10.12.01/
$ sudo cp elfto*** /usr/bin/
$ ./build

• 编译文件
  

compile file
编译完成后通过ls命令即可看到编译得到的文件imx28_ivt_uboot.***
you can get the compiled file imx28_ivt_uboot.*** with ls command after compilation.
$ ls

• 目标文件
  

target file
MY-IMX28系列评估板的u-boot配置对应的目标文件名见下表：
The corresponding name of target file for u-boot configuration of MY-IMX28 series evaluation board is shown in the table below：

将下载的“linux源码”复制到Linux开发主机的“~/my-imx28/02_source”。
copy“linux source code” to “~/my-imx28/02_source”of Linux development host
这一步自己采取相应的方式完成。
this step should be done in your own way

$ cd ~/my-imx28/02_source/
$ tar jxf linux-2.6.35.3.tar.bz2

$ source ~/my-imx28/03_tools/gcc-4.4.4-glibc-2.11.1-multilib-env

• 进入linux源码目录
  

enter Linux source code directory
$ cd ~/my-imx28/02_source/linux-2.6.35.3

• 清除临时文件
  

remove temporary file
$ make distclean

$ cp .mx28_config .config

• 执行编译
  

execute compilation
$ make zImage -j4

• 编译完成
  

complete compilation

• 目标文件
  

target file
arch/arm/boot/uImage即为编译得到的内核文件，使用ls命令可查看文件信息。
arch/arm/boot/uImage is the kernel file compiled，you can check the file information with ls command
$ ls arch/arm/boot/uImage -la

• 编译模块命令
  

command of module compilation
$ make modules

• 安装模块到指定目录
  

install module to specified directory
$ make modules_install INSTALL_MOD_PATH=./modules

• 打包模块文件
  

package module file
$ cd modules
$ tar cjf ../modules.tar.bz2 *

• 进入工作目录
  

enter working directory
$ cd ~/my-imx28/01_application/

• 编写源代码
  

write source code
$ vim hello.c
写入以下代码并保存
write and save the following code

• include
  

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
　　printf("Hello, MYZR!n");
　　return;
}

• 查看代码
  

view code
$ cat hello.c

• 配置环境变量
  

configure environment variables
$ source ~/my-imx28/03_tools/gcc-4.4.4-glibc-2.11.1-multilib-env

• 编译
  

compile
$ ${CROSS_COMPILE}gcc hello.c -o hello.out

注意：上面的命令有包含“$”号，即“${CROSS_COMPILE}gcc”，是引用我们source时产生的环境变量。
Note:The above command contains “$”,which is “${CROSS_COMPILE}gcc”. It is the environment variable generated when referring to our source.

• 目标文件
  

target file
$ file hello.out

可以看到目标文件 hello.out 的属性。
you can see the property of target file hello.out

用以下的方式增加自己的应用：（把MY-IMX28_Born_ToolProfilesMX28 Linux UpdateOS Firmwarefilesimage-linux-2635/rootfs.tar.bz2复制到“~/my-imx28/04_image/”目录下）。
add your own application in following ways:（ copy MY-IMX28_Born_ToolProfilesMX28 Linux UpdateOS Firmwarefilesimage-linux-2635/rootfs.tar.bz2 to the directory of “~/my-imx28/04_image/”）

复制mkfs.ubifs，ubinize到电脑的“/usr/bin”目录下（如果电脑有这两个应用就不需要复制了）；复制build_rootfs和ubinize.cfg到“~/my-imx28/04_image/”目录。
copy mkfs.ubifs，ubinize to“/usr/bin”directory of computer（copy is not needed if the computer has these two applications）；copy build_rootfs和ubinize.cfg to“~/my-imx28/04_image/”directory

至此，我们在“~/my-imx28/02_source/”得到了除文件系统以外的一套烧录文件。包括“imx28_ivt_uboot.***”、“uImage”、“rootfs.tar.bz2”。
so far，we get a set of programming files except file system from“~/my-imx28/02_source/”,including“imx28_ivt_uboot.***”、“uImage”、“rootfs.tar.bz2”

把文件“imx28_ivt_uboot.***”、“uImage”、“rootfs.tar.bz2复制到“MY-IMX28_Born_ToolProfilesMX28 Linux UpdateOS Firmwarefilesimage-linux-2635”目录下。按住REC按键，插上MINI USB线和电源线，接着打开MfgTool.exe,点击“扫描设备”，检测到HID设备时，松开REC按键,如下所示：
copy “imx28_ivt_uboot.***”、“uImage”、“rootfs.tar.bz2 to the directory of “MY-IMX28_Born_ToolProfilesMX28 Linux UpdateOS Firmwarefilesimage-linux-2635”。hold REC key,plug in MINI USB line and power line,then open MfgTool.exe,click"scan device",release REC key when HID device is detected,as below:


点击菜单的“Options”，然后在选项“Profiles”选择“MY-IMX28-2.6.35 NAND with uboot”，接着点击“确定”，最后点击“开始”。
click"Options" in the menu,select “MY-IMX28-2.6.35 NAND with uboot”in the option “Profiles”,then click"Enter",finally click"start"

烧写成功后，点击“停止”就OK了。
when programming is succeeded,click"stop",to finish
注意：如果你用的文件系统是rootfs-qt.tar.bz2，请选择“QT-MY-IMX28-2.6.35 NAND with uboot”烧写镜像。
note: if the file system you are using is rootfs-qt.tar.bz2,please choose “QT-MY-IMX28-2.6.35 NAND with uboot”as programming image

(1) Setup tftp server files        （下载并安装tftp）
Setup tftp server files        （download and isntall tftp）
　　$ sudo apt-get install tftpd tftp openbsd-inetd
(2) make a tftp directory (新建tftp目录和改变其属性)
make a tftp directory (establish tftp diretory and change its property
Here we make /home/myzr/tftpt be a tftp directory.
　　$ mkdir /home/myzr/tftp
　　$ chmod 777 /home/myzr/tftp
(3) Open /etc/inetd.conf and edit it        (修改配置文件的tftp目录)
Open /etc/inetd.conf and edit it (modify tftp directory of congigured file)
　　$ sudo gedit /etc/inetd.conf
Coment this line :

• tftp dgram udp wait nobody /usr/***in/tcpd /usr/***in/in.tftpd /srv/tftp
  

Add new line:
tftp dgram udp wait nobody /usr/***in/tcpd /usr/***in/in.tftpd /home/myzr/tftp
(4)Restarting tftp service （重启tftp）
Restarting tftp service (reboot tftp)
　　$ sudo /etc/init.d/openbsd-inetd restart

(1) Install NFS server package （下载并安装nfs）
Install NFS server package (download and isntall nfs)
　　$ sudo apt-get install nfs-kernel-server
(2) Create NFS directory:/home/myzr/nfsroot (新建nfs目录)
Create NFS directory:/home/myzr/nfsroot (establish nfs directory)
　　$ mkdir /home/myzr/nfsroot
(3) Configure mounted directory and authority （修改配置文件的nfs目录）
Configure mounted directory and authority (modify nfs directory of configured file)
　　$ sudo gedit /etc/exports
Add the following line at the end of the file:
/home/myzr/nfsroot *(rw,sync,no_root_squash)
(4) Restart the NFS service （重启nfs）
Restart the NFS service (reboot nfs)
　　$ sudo /etc/init.d/portmap restart
　　$ sudo /etc/init.d/nfs-kernel-server restart

(1) 把“uImage”和“rootfs.ubifs”复制到“/home/myzr/tftp”目录下。
copy“uImage” and “rootfs.ubifs”to“/home/myzr/tftp”directory
(2) 设置环境变量(板子和电脑网线直连)
set environment variables(directly connect the board and computer)
　　$ setenv ipaddr 192.168.3.104 （板子IP）

　　$ setenv serverip 192.168.3.110 （电脑IP）

(3) 烧写
programme
　　$ run upkernel (烧写uImage)
$ run upkernel (programme uImage)

　　

　　$ run upsystem (烧写文件系统)
$ run upsystem (programme file system)

　　

插上USB转串口线和电源，开机后，差不多12秒后，在终端上敲回车键可以进入系统。
plug in USB to serial port line and power supply,in about 12 seconds after machine starting,click Enter key to enter system

　　

插上网线和电源，开机后，差不多10秒后，可以软件SecureCRT登录，板子默认以太网的IP为192.168.3.104，你可以设置电脑的IP为192.168.3.110，然后配置SecureCRT，输入用户名是root，密码myzr。如下图：
plug in lan line and power supply, in about 10 seconds after machine starting,login via software SecureCRT,defaulted IP of ethernet by board is 192.168.3.104,you can set IP of computer as 192.168.3.110,then configure SecureCRT,enter root as user name and myzr as password, as blow:

输入完后，点击”OK“就登录完成。
after entering, click"OK" to complete login

插上MINI USB线，开机后，差不多10秒后，可以软件SecureCRT登录。
plug in MINI USB line,in about 10 seconds after machine starting,login through software SecureCRT
加载驱动和设置IP，如下：
add driving and set IP, as below:

　　

板子USB的IP为192.168.4.104，你可以设置电脑的IP为192.168.4.110，然后配置SecureCRT，输入用户名是root，密码myzr。如下图：
IP of USB of the board is 192.168.4.104，you can set IP of computer as 192.168.4.110，then configure SecureCRT，enter root as user name and myzr as password。as below：
输入完后，点击”OK“就登录完成。
after entering, click"OK" to complete login