对于那些错过我之前的五篇博文的人来说，“品尝力量！
- 实验1“，”让我们滥用电池！
- 实验2“，”你的第一个电路 - 实验3“，”可变电阻 - 实验4“和”让我们制作一个电池 - 实验5“，我最近得到了Charles Platt的第二版”Make：Electronics“并决定
尝试书中提到的所有实验。
这是我对第六个实验结果的记录。
第二章是我们的！
基础知识：所有关于开关
注意：我的开关终止于焊接接线片，而不是螺丝端子，因此我遵循了Platt先生的建议，并使用鳄鱼测试引线将组件连接在一起。
如果您处于类似情况，请使用不同颜色的测试引线，以便更容易看到哪些部件连接在一起。
带焊片端子的开关（左）和带螺钉端子的开关（右）
要查看切换开关可以具有的其他类型的接线片，请访问Digi-Key网站的“拨动开关”部分，然后滚动“端接样式”部分。
如果选择一个并单击“应用过滤器”，则会显示仅具有此类终止样式的开关。
看看这些图片，您认为每种终端类型何时最有用？
本书介绍了几种交换机配置。
您可以在“电路”部分找到这些，看看您能从书中识别出多少！
不要担心不知道网站上所有交换机的规格是什么意思。
本书逐步介绍了最重要的内容（实际需要了解的实验）。
电子产品世界是巨大的，所以放松和享受骑行！
如果您有一个带螺钉端子的拨动开关，并且将使用连接线来创建连接，请务必使用剥线钳来制作正确的线规。
虽然您不需要使用22号连接线来进行此实验的连接，但是从实验8开始的几乎所有实验都需要这个线规，所以购买22规格的连接是明智的。
从一开始就用电线。
确定电线的线规，然后将电线放在剥线器的齿之间，将剥线器拉离电线，同时另一只手紧紧握住电线，电线的绝缘层将滑落，不会损坏下面的导体
。
从这根电线上剥下了一点绝缘层
先生们，打开你的LED吧！
鳄鱼夹是笨重的，所以要非常小心，他们只是触摸他们应该接触的凸耳而不是附近的表耳或鳄鱼夹（我只是谈论金属夹子，当然，不是塑料靴子）
。
如果金属夹子接触另一个夹子或凸耳，则会创建额外的连接，这意味着实验结果不会反映正确连接的开关的工作方式，这是实验的目标。
观察：使用当前设置，如果LED亮起，切换任一开关的极点将关闭LED，反之亦然。
但是，为什么会这样呢？
这个问题将我们带到实验的下一部分，我们将了解交换机内部的情况。
检查连续性
设置仪表的刻度盘以测量连续性
如果您不确定如何使用万用表测量连续性，请阅读万用表手册。
EXTECH EX330要求您设置仪表的刻度盘以测量连续性，然后多次单击MODE按钮，直到您在万用表的屏幕上看到连续性符号。
现在您需要做的就是用每个探针触摸另一个终端，看看它们是否已连接。
仔细阅读介绍原理图中介绍的理论和实验的以下部分，并将我们从单个开关的功能结果与显示我们之前组装的电路的原理图进行比较。
在SPDT开关内
现在您知道当切换指向任一侧时哪些端子连接在一起，请查看本书的图2-37，并研究在切换任一开关极点时电路如何改变。
额外
有关开关操作和类型的基本讨论，请观看YouTube视频“Collin的实验室：开关”，或阅读“电子元件百科全书”第6章。
1。
您可以从Digi-Key获得此实验所需的一切！
如果您想自己重新创建这个实验，您可以从Digi-Key获得此实验所需的一切！
测试导线两端各有鳄鱼夹
制作：电子第2版
万用表（请参考本书的第一章，看看哪一款最适合您的需求）：我一直使用的万用表是EXTECH'sEX330
通用LED
螺丝刀套装（可选）
9 V电池
钢丝钳
剥线钳（AWG22）
连接线（22AWG）
拨动开关（SPDT，螺钉和焊接接线片）
限流电阻 - 470Ω（5％容差）
以上来自于谷歌翻译
以下为原文
For those of you who have missed my previous five blog posts, “Taste the Power! - Experiment 1”, “Let’s Abuse a Battery! - Experiment 2”, “Your First Circuit - Experiment 3”, “Variable Resistance - Experiment 4” and “Let’s Make a Battery - Experiment 5”, I recently got the second edition of “Make: Electronics” by Charles Platt and decided to try all of the experiments presented in the book. This is my documentation of how the sixth experiment turned out.
![]() Chapter 2 is upon us!
Fundamentals: All About Switches
Note: My switches end in solder lugs, not screw terminals, so I followed Mr. Platt’s advice and used alligator test leads to connect the components together. If you’re in a similar situation, use test leads of different colors so it’s easier to see what parts are connected together.
![]() Switch with solder lug terminals (left) and Switch with screw terminals (right)
To see what other types of lugs a toggle switch can have, visit the Toggle Switch section of the Digi-Key website and scroll through the Termination Style section. If you select one and click Apply Filters, you’ll be shown switches with only that kind of termination style. Look at the pictures, when do you think each kind of terminal type would be most useful?
The book introduces several configurations of switches. You can find these in the Circuit section, see how many you can recognize from the book!
Don’t worry about not knowing what all the specifications of the switches on the website mean. The book introduces the most important ones gradually (the ones you actually need to know about to make the experiments). The world of electronics is vast, so relax and enjoy the ride!
If you have a toggle switch with screw terminals and will use hookup wire to create the connections, be sure to use a wire stripper for the right wire gauge. While you don’t need to use 22-gauge hookup wire to make the connections for this experiment, this wire gauge will be needed for almost all of the experiments from Experiment 8 onward, so it would be wise to just buy 22-gauge hookup wire from the get-go.
![]()
Determine the wire-gauge of your wire, then place the wire between the teeth of the wire stripper and pull the stripper away from the wire while your other hand holds the wire tightly, the insulation of the wire will slide off without damaging the conductor underneath.
![]() A bit of insulation has been stripped from this wire
![]() Gentlemen, switch on your LEDs!
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Alligator clips are bulky, so be very careful that they’re only touching the lug they’re supposed to be touching and not nearby lugs or alligator clips (I’m only talking about the metallic clips, of course, not the plastic boots). If a metallic clip touches another clip or lug, you’re creating an extra connection, which means the results of the experiment won’t reflect the way a properly connected switch works, which is the goal of the experiment.
Observation: With the current setup, if the LED is on, toggling either of the switches’ poles will turn the LED off and vice-versa.
But, why is this so?
This question takes us to the next section of the experiment where we’ll learn about what’s going on inside our switches.
Checking Continuity
![]() Set your meter’s dial to measure continuity
If you’re unsure about how to measure continuity with your multimeter, read your multimeter’s manual. The EXTECH EX330 requires you to set you meter’s dial to measure continuity and then click the MODE button several times until you see the continuity symbol on the multimeter’s screen.
Now all you need to do is touch a different terminal with each of the probes to see if they’re connected.
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Read carefully through the theory presented in the Introducing Schematics and following sections of the experiment and compare our results from the functioning of a single switch to the schematics showing our previously assembled circuit.
![]() Inside an SPDT switch
Now that you know which terminals are connected together when the toggle is pointing to either side, look at Figure 2-37 of the book and study how the circuit is altered whenever you toggle either of the switches’ poles.
EXTRA
For a basic discussion about switch operation and types, watch the YouTube video, “Collin’s Lab: Switches”, or read Chapter 6 of the Encyclopedia of Electronic Components Vol. 1.
You can get everything you need for this experiment from Digi-Key!
If you would like to recreate this experiment yourself, you can get everything you need for this experiment from Digi-Key!
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