[讨论]经典 candence PCB EDIT教材,英文原版

Primary Allegro PCB Editor Programs .........................................................................................1-2
Other Programs .......................................................................................................................1-3
Cadence SPB Tools .......................................................................................................................1-4
Course Directory Structure............................................................................................................1-5
Setting and Changing Your Working Directory............................................................................1-7
Allegro PCB Editor and Workspace..............................................................................................1-8
Fold-Away Window Tabs.....................................................................................................1-10
Getting Help ...............................................................................................................................1-11
Lab ..............................................................................................................................................1-12
Lab 1-1: Allegro PCB Editor Tour ............................................................................................1-13
Mouse Buttons............................................................................................................................1-19
Controlling the Window Display.................................................................................................1-20
Navigating in the World View Window......................................................................................1-21
Zoom Control Using the Middle Mouse Button..........................................................................1-23
Default Aliases for Function and Control Keys ..........................................................................1-24
Running Commands with Strokes ...............................................................................................1-25
Controlling the Toolbars..............................................................................................................1-26
Design Parameters Editor ............................................................................................................1-27
Display Folder Tab................................................................................................................1-28
Design Folder Tab .......................................................................................................................1-30
Design Folder Tab – Line Lock ............................................................................................1-32
Text Folder Tab ...........................................................................................................................1-33
User Preferences ..........................................................................................................................1-34
Using OpenGL............................................................................................................................1-35
Lab ..............................................................................................................................................1-36
Lab 1-2: Navigating the PCB Editor User Interface..................................................................1-37
Lesson 2: Managing the PCB Editor Work Environment .....................................................................2-1
Folders and Classes and Subclasses ..............................................................................................2-2
More Folders and Classes and Subclasses ..............................................................................2-3
Controlling Color and Visibility....................................................................................................2-4
Controlling Etch Visibility......................................................................................................2-5
Graphics Dimming or Shadow Mode .....................................................................................2-6
Scripts ...........................................................................................................................................2-8
Export and Import Parameters.......................................................................................................2-9
Lab ..............................................................................................................................................2-10
Lab 2-1: Script Files and Controlling Visibility and Color .......................................................2-11
Find Window - Post Select Objects List......................................................................................2-18
Using the Find by Name Section ..........................................................................................2-19
Using Find by Property .........................................................................................................2-20
Application Modes ......................................................................................................................2-21
Pre-selection Mode......................................................................................................................2-22
Creating a Selection Set...............................................................................................................2-23
Right Mouse Button Use .............................................................................................................2-24
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Right Mouse Button Common Areas ..........................................................................................2-25
Using the Super Filter..................................................................................................................2-27
Context-Sensitive RMB Pop-Up Menu.......................................................................................2-28
Etch Edit Default Command Execution ......................................................................................2-29
General Edit Default Command Execution .................................................................................2-30
Highlighting Elements .................................................................................................................2-31
Using the Show Element Command............................................................................................2-32
Using the Display Measure Command........................................................................................2-33
Options Window.........................................................................................................................2-34
Labs.............................................................................................................................................2-35
Lab 2-2: Highlighting and Using the Find Filter .......................................................................2-36
Lab 2-3: Using the Find Filter with the Show Element Command ...........................................2-43
Lesson 3: padstacks ...............................................................................................................................3-1
Anatomy of a Padstack ..................................................................................................................3-2
Padstack Details............................................................................................................................3-3
What is a Thermal Relief? .............................................................................................................3-4
Flash Symbols...............................................................................................................................3-5
What Does the Padstack Designer Do? .........................................................................................3-6
Padstack Designer - Parameters ..............................................................................................3-7
Padstack Designer - Layers.....................................................................................................3-9
Defining Pad Shapes/Sizes....................................................................................................3-10
Adding/Deleting/Copying Layers .........................................................................................3-11
Saving the Padstack...............................................................................................................3-12
Labs.............................................................................................................................................3-14
Lab 3-1: Creating a Flash Symbol .............................................................................................3-15
Lab 3-2: Creating Padstacks for a Through-Hole Pin Device ...................................................3-19
Lab 3-3: Creating a Padstack for a Surface- Mounted Device ..................................................3-28
Lesson 4: Component Symbols .............................................................................................................4-1
Package Symbol Wizard................................................................................................................4-1
Design Parameters .........................................................................................................................4-2
Drawing Origin.............................................................................................................................4-3
Moving the Drawing Origin....................................................................................................4-4
PCB Editor Symbol Types.............................................................................................................4-5
Example: a 14-pin DIP Package....................................................................................................4-6
Adding Pins............................................................................................................................4-7
Drawing Component Outlines.................................................................................................4-9
Adding Labels .......................................................................................................................4-10
Defining Area Constraints.....................................................................................................4-11
Saving Symbol Files .............................................................................................................4-12
Labs.............................................................................................................................................4-13
Lab 4-1: Creating a DIP16 Package Using the Package Symbol Wizard..................................4-14
Lab 4-2: Creating a DIP14 Package Symbol .............................................................................4-18
Lab 4-3: Creating an SOIC16 with the Symbol Editor (optional lab).......................................4-29
Lesson 5: Board Design Files ................................................................................................................5-1
Creating a Board Symbol...............................................................................................................5-2
Typical Board Outline.............................................................................................................5-3
Drawing a Board Outline ........................................................................................................5-4
Tooling/Mounting Holes.........................................................................................................5-5
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Chamfers ................................................................................................................................5-6
Linear Dimensioning...............................................................................................................5-7
Defining Constraint Areas (Keepins/Keepouts) .....................................................................5-8
Saving Board Symbol Files (.bsm and .dra) ...........................................................................5-9
Labs ............................................................................................................................................5-11
Lab 5-1: Creating a Board Mechanical Symbol ........................................................................5-12
Allegro PCB Editors - Overview ..........................................................................................5-29
Creating a Master Design File .....................................................................................................5-30
Defining Layer Stackup ........................................................................................................5-31
Lab ..............................................................................................................................................5-32
Lab 5-2: Creating a Master Design File (.brd)...........................................................................5-33
Lesson 6: Importing Logic Information into Allegro PCB Editor ........................................................6-1
Design Layout Process ..................................................................................................................6-2
Design Entry HDL-Integrated Logic Design with Physical Layout..............................................6-3
Transfer Files (pst*.dat) ..........................................................................................................6-4
Transferring Constraint Manager Information........................................................................6-6
Importing Logic into PCB Editor from Design Entry HDL ...................................................6-7
Importing Logic Data..............................................................................................................6-8
Engineering Changes—Placement ................................................................................................6-9
Importing Electrical Constraints..................................................................................................6-10
Engineering Changes—Routing ..................................................................................................6-11
Schematic-Driven Layout............................................................................................................6-13
Design Entry CIS-Integrated Logic Design with Physical Layout..............................................6-14
Design Entry CIS Interface with PCB Editor .......................................................................6-15
Design Entry CIS-PCB Editor Logic Import ........................................................................6-16
Third-Party Logic Import ............................................................................................................6-17
Netlist Format .......................................................................................................................6-18
General Rules for Netlists .....................................................................................................6-19
Device Files..........................................................................................................................6-20
Package Properties in Device Files.......................................................................................6-21
Loading a Third-Party Netlist ...............................................................................................6-22
Netin Checking .....................................................................................................................6-23
Guidelines for Importing Logical Data.................................................................................6-24
Labs ............................................................................................................................................6-25
Lab 6-1: Design Entry HDL to PCB Editor...............................................................................6-26
Lab 6-2: Design Entry CIS to PCB Editor.................................................................................6-32
Lab 6-3: Importing a Third-Party Netlist...................................................................................6-35
Lesson 7: Setting Design Constraints ....................................................................................................7-1
Design Layout Process ..................................................................................................................7-2
Introduction to Design Rules.........................................................................................................7-3
The Constraint Manager ................................................................................................................7-4
Constraint Manager Left Pane ................................................................................................7-5
Constraint Manager Work Area ....................................................................................................7-6
Setting Default Physical Values ....................................................................................................7-7
Creating a New Physical CSet ................................................................................................7-9
Identify the Special Physical Nets ........................................................................................7-10
Assign the Net Class to a Constraint Set...............................................................................7-11
Assign Rules Directly on a Net ...................................................................................................7-12
Lab ..............................................................................................................................................7-13
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Lab 7-1: Setting Physical Rules .................................................................................................7-14
Setting Default Spacing Values ...................................................................................................7-18
Creating a New Spacing CSet ...............................................................................................7-19
Identify the Special Spacing Nets .........................................................................................7-20
Assign the Net Class to a Constraint Set...............................................................................7-21
Net Class to Net Class Spacing ...................................................................................................7-22
Labs.............................................................................................................................................7-23
Lab 7-2: Setting Spacing Rules..................................................................................................7-24
Lab 7-3: Setting Class-Class Rules............................................................................................7-27
Design Constraints......................................................................................................................7-33
Physical and Spacing DRC Modes..............................................................................................7-34
Property Assignments and Changes ............................................................................................7-35
Constraint Overrides....................................................................................................................7-37
Physical Constraint Resolution....................................................................................................7-38
Spacing Constraint Resolution ....................................................................................................7-39
DRC Marker Display...................................................................................................................7-40
Lab ..............................................................................................................................................7-41
Lab 7-4: Working with Properties .............................................................................................7-42
Lesson 8: Component Placement...........................................................................................................8-1
Design Layout Process ..................................................................................................................8-2
Prerequisites..................................................................................................................................8-3
Interactive Placement.....................................................................................................................8-4
Placement Grid........................................................................................................................8-5
Strategy.........................................................................................................................................8-6
Floorplanning with Rooms ............................................................................................................8-7
Creating a Room .....................................................................................................................8-8
Assign RefDes Command............................................................................................................8-10
Labs.............................................................................................................................................8-11
Lab 8-1: Floorplanning ..............................................................................................................8-12
Lab 8-2: Assigning Preplaced Packages ....................................................................................8-17
Placement-Related Properties......................................................................................................8-19
Placement Commands .................................................................................................................8-20
Manual Placement Commands..............................................................................................8-21
Changing the Default Orientation................................................................................................8-23
Lab ..............................................................................................................................................8-24
Lab 8-3: Manual Placement .......................................................................................................8-25
Quickplace ..................................................................................................................................8-31
Deleting Components ..................................................................................................................8-33
Labs.............................................................................................................................................8-34
Lab 8-4: Using Quickplace ........................................................................................................8-35
Lab 8-5: Removing Components from the Board......................................................................8-44
Lesson 9: Advanced Placement .............................................................................................................9-1
Ratsnest.........................................................................................................................................9-2
Automatic Swapping of Functions and Pins..................................................................................9-3
Automatic Swap......................................................................................................................9-4
Running Automatic Swap .......................................................................................................9-5
Interactive Swap......................................................................................................................9-6
Selecting Alternate Packages.........................................................................................................9-7
Updating Symbols in a Design ......................................................................................................9-9
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Updating Padstacks......................................................................................................................9-10
Modifying Padstacks.............................................................................................................9-12
Creating a Library from a Design................................................................................................9-13
Cross Placement with DE HDL...................................................................................................9-14
Cross Selection with DE CIS.......................................................................................................9-15
Cross Highlighting between PCB Editor and DE CIS..........................................................9-16
Labs ............................................................................................................................................9-17
Lab 9-1: Displaying Ratsnests ...................................................................................................9-18
Lab 9-2: Swapping Components, Pins, and Functions ..............................................................9-20
Lab 9-3: Advanced Placement with ALT_SYMBOL (Optional)..............................................9-23
Lab 9-4: Using the DE HDL Schematic for Manual Placement (Optional) ..............................9-25
Lab 9-5: Using the DE CIS Schematic for Manual Placement (Optional) ................................9-29
Lesson 10: Routing and Glossing ..........................................................................................................10-1
Design Layout Process ................................................................................................................10-2
Accessing Interactive Routing Modes.........................................................................................10-3
Routing Grids: Fixed.............................................................................................................10-4
Routing Grids: Variable ........................................................................................................10-5
Adding Signal Connections .........................................................................................................10-6
Inserting Vias..............................................................................................................................10-8
Selecting Via Types ..............................................................................................................10-9
Define Blind/Buried Via............................................................................................................10-10
Pop-Up Menu Options...............................................................................................................10-11
Options Form............................................................................................................................10-13
Options Form—Smooth......................................................................................................10-15
Options Form—Bubble/Gridless/Vias................................................................................10-16
Setting Interactive Route Parameters ........................................................................................10-18
Labs ..........................................................................................................................................10-19
Lab 10-1:Defining Etch Grids ..................................................................................................10-20
Lab 10-2:Adding and Deleting Connect Lines and Vias..........................................................10-22
Accessing the PCB Router ........................................................................................................10-30
Autoroute Prerequisites .............................................................................................................10-30
Preparing for Automatic Routing ..............................................................................................10-31
The PCB Editor-PCB Router Process .......................................................................................10-32
Labs ..........................................................................................................................................10-33
Lab 10-3:Preparing for Autorouting.........................................................................................10-34
Lab 10-4:Using the PCB Router...............................................................................................10-40
Editing Existing Etch.................................................................................................................10-43
Moving Etch with the Slide Option...........................................................................................10-44
Editing Vertices .........................................................................................................................10-46
Changing the Layer or Width of a Connection..........................................................................10-47
Deleting Etch .............................................................................................................................10-48
Using the Cut Option.................................................................................................................10-49
Interactive Routing Properties ...................................................................................................10-50
Glossing the Design...................................................................................................................10-51
Labs ..........................................................................................................................................10-53
Lab 10-5:Checking for Unconnected Pins................................................................................10-54
Lab 10-6:Improving Routed Connections ................................................................................10-56
Lab 10-7:Replacing Etch and Using the Cut Option................................................................10-60
Lab 10-8:Running Gloss...........................................................................................................10-64
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Lesson 11: Copper Areas and Positive or Negative Planes ..................................................................11-1
Design Layout Process ................................................................................................................11-2
Copper Area Images ....................................................................................................................11-3
Adding a Copper Area .................................................................................................................11-4
Global Dynamic Parameters - Shape Fill..............................................................................11-6
Global Dynamic Parameters - Void Controls .......................................................................11-7
Global Dynamic Parameters - Clearances.............................................................................11-8
Global Dynamic Parameters - Thermal Relief Connects......................................................11-9
Adding Copper Shapes........................................................................................................11-10
Editing Copper Shapes........................................................................................................11-11
Lab ............................................................................................................................................11-12
Lab 11-1:Copper Areas.............................................................................................................11-13
Lesson 12: Preparing for Post Processing.............................................................................................12-1
Design Layout Process ................................................................................................................12-2
Renaming Reference Designators................................................................................................12-3
Rename Reference Designators Main Form.........................................................................12-4
Rename Reference Designators Setup Form.........................................................................12-5
Rename Reference Designators—Key Points.......................................................................12-7
Backannotation ............................................................................................................................12-8
Backannotation Examples ...........................................................................................................12-9
Backannotation—DE HDL Export Netlist..........................................................................12-10
Backannotation to DE HDL................................................................................................12-11
Property Backannotation.....................................................................................................12-12
DE CIS Integrated Logic Design/Physical Layout .............................................................12-13
PCB Editor-DE CIS Backannotation ..................................................................................12-14
Third-Party Backannotation Process...................................................................................12-15
Third-Party Backannotation................................................................................................12-16
Labs...........................................................................................................................................12-17
Lab 12-1:Renaming Components .............................................................................................12-18
Lab 12-2:PCB Editor to DE HDL Backannotation ..................................................................12-22
Lab 12-3:PCB Editor to DE CIS Backannotation ....................................................................12-24
Lab 12-4:PCB Editor Backannotation to a Third-Party Schematic..........................................12-25
Lesson 13: Preparing the Board Design for Manufacturing ..................................................................13-1
Design Layout Process ................................................................................................................13-2
Creating Silkscreens ....................................................................................................................13-3
Creating Silkscreens—Menu ................................................................................................13-4
Incremental Update of Silkscreens........................................................................................13-6
Generating Reports ......................................................................................................................13-7
Labs.............................................................................................................................................13-8
Lab 13-1:Creating Silkscreens....................................................................................................13-9
Lab 13-2:Creating Reports........................................................................................................13-12
Checking the Board Status.........................................................................................................13-13
Waiving DRCs...........................................................................................................................13-14
Generating Artwork...................................................................................................................13-15
Artwork Parameters ............................................................................................................13-16
The Aperture File ................................................................................................................13-18
Film Control..............................................................................................................................13-20
Film Options........................................................................................................................13-21
Adding a Photoplot Outline .......................................................................................................13-23
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Generating Gerber Files.............................................................................................................13-24
Viewing Gerber Files ..........................................................................................................13-25
Labs ..........................................................................................................................................13-26
Lab 13-3:Creating Artwork Files..............................................................................................13-27
Lab 13-4:Viewing Gerber Files ................................................................................................13-34
Creating Fabrication Drawings..................................................................................................13-36
Drill Symbols and Legend Table ........................................................................................13-37
Drill Customization Spreadsheet ...............................................................................................13-38
Generating an NC Drill File ......................................................................................................13-40
Creating the Parameters File ...............................................................................................13-41
Creating Assembly Drawings....................................................................................................13-43
Labs ..........................................................................................................................................13-44
Lab 13-5:Creating a Drill Legend.............................................................................................13-45
Lab 13-6:Creating Fab and Assembly Drawings......................................................................13-47
Lab 13-7:Creating an NCDRILL File.......................................................................................13-49