基于米尔-全志 T527设计一个简易的物联网网关,该网关能够管理多台MQTT设备,通过MQTT协议对设备进行读写操作,同时提供HTTP接口,允许用户通过HTTP协议与网关进行交互,并对设备进行读写操作。
P* OST /devices/{device_id}/control:发送控制命令到指定设备。
该设计方案仅仅是概述,具体实现细节可能需要根据实际需求和项目环境进行调整和优化。在实际开发中,还需要考虑异常处理、日志记录、性能优化等方面的问题。基于上述设计方案,以下是一个简化版的参考代码,展示了如何使用FastAPI和paho-mqtt库来创建一个物联网网关。需要注意,示例中不包含完整的错误处理、用户认证和授权机制,这些在实际生产环境中都是必不可少的。依赖的主要库版本:
fastapi==0.108.0
paho-mqtt==1.6.1
网关模拟代码gateway.py:
from fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException, Body, status
from paho.mqtt.client import Client as MQTTClient
from typing import List, Dict, Any
import asyncio
import json
app = FastAPI()
mqtt_client = None
device_data = {}
subtopic="gateway/device/#"
# MQTT回调函数
def on_message(client, userdata, msg):
payload = msg.payload.decode()
topic = msg.topic
device_id = topic.split('/')[-1]
device_data[device_id] = payload
print(f"Received message from {device_id}: {payload}")
# MQTT连接和订阅
def mqtt_connect_and_subscribe(broker_url, broker_port):
global mqtt_client
mqtt_client = MQTTClient()
mqtt_client.on_message = on_message
mqtt_client.connect(broker_url, broker_port, 60)
mqtt_client.subscribe(subtopic)
mqtt_client.loop_start()
# MQTT发布消息
async def mqtt_publish(topic: str, message: str):
if mqtt_client is not None and mqtt_client.is_connected():
mqtt_client.publish(topic, message)
else:
print("MQTT client is not connected!")
# 设备管理:添加设备
@app.post("/devices/", status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
async def add_device(device_id: str):
device_data[device_id] = None
return {"message": f"Device {device_id} added"}
# 设备管理:获取设备列表
@app.get("/devices/")
async def get_devices():
return list(device_data.keys())
# 设备管理:获取设备数据
@app.get("/devices/{device_id}/data")
async def get_device_data(device_id: str):
if device_id not in device_data:
raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND, detail=f"Device {device_id} not found")
return device_data.get(device_id)
# 设备管理:发送数据到设备
@app.post("/devices/{device_id}/data")
async def send_data_to_device(device_id: str, data: Dict[str, Any] = Body(...)):
topic = f"devices/{device_id}"
message = json.dumps(data)
await mqtt_publish(topic, message)
return {"message": f"Data sent to {device_id}"}
# 设备控制:发送控制命令到设备
@app.post("/devices/{device_id}/control")
async def control_device(device_id: str, command: str):
topic = f"devices/device/{device_id}"
await mqtt_publish(topic, command)
return {"message": f"Control command sent to {device_id}"}
# FastAPI启动事件
@app.on_event("startup")
async def startup_event():
mqtt_connect_and_subscribe("127.0.0.1", 1883)
# FastAPI关闭事件
@app.on_event("shutdown")
async def shutdown_event():
if mqtt_client is not None:
mqtt_client.loop_stop()
mqtt_client.disconnect()
# 运行FastAPI应用
if __name__ == "__main__":
import uvicorn
uvicorn.run(app, host="127.0.0.1", port=8000)
设备1模拟代码 dev1.py:
import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt
# 连接成功回调
def on_connect(client, userdata, flags, rc):
print('Connected with result code '+str(rc))
client.subscribe('devices/1')
# 消息接收回调
def on_message(client, userdata, msg):
print(msg.topic+" "+str(msg.payload))
client.publish('gateway/device/1',payload=f'echo {msg.payload}',qos=0)
client = mqtt.Client()
# 指定回调函数
client.on_connect = on_connect
client.on_message = on_message
# 建立连接
client.connect('127.0.0.1', 1883)
# 发布消息
client.publish('gateway/device/1',payload='Hello, I am device',qos=0)
client.loop_forever()
设备2模拟代码 dev2.py
import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt# 连接成功回调def on_connect(client, userdata, flags, rc): print('Connected with result code '+str(rc)) client.subscribe('devices/2')# 消息接收回调def on_message(client, userdata, msg): print(msg.topic+" "+str(msg.payload)) client.publish('gateway/device/2',payload=f'echo {msg.payload}',qos=0)client = mqtt.Client()# 指定回调函数client.on_connect = on_connectclient.on_message = on_message# 建立连接client.connect('127.0.0.1', 1883)# 发布消息client.publish('gateway/device/2',payload='Hello, I am device',qos=0)client.loop_forever()
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