典型的表面贴装铝电解电容

任何进行板级故障排除的人通常都会先检查电容器。
电容器是业内最常用的电子元件。
虽然有许多类型，形状，尺寸和规格，但本文将重点介绍铝电解电容器以及如何正确穿过它们。
找到十字架的第一步是识别坏电容器，并正确读取印在电容器顶部或侧面的规格。
大多数（如果不是全部）将具有电容，电压，某种制造商标记，以及用于负极引线/焊盘的指示符（如果是极化的）。
无论是否标记，电容在铝电解电容器上表示为μF。
电压有时标记为“V”，说明数字是多少。
表面贴装通常会有代码来表示电压。
有关如何破译这些代码的更多信息，请单击此处。
可能给出的另一条信息是以摄氏度为单位的温度等级。
如果电容器是通孔的话，它可以在视觉上被破译，电线引线从底部突出（或者如果是轴向则从每一侧突出），或者如果元件底部有焊盘则表面安装。
人们经常遇到的一个问题是他们没有选择一系列电压。
可以选择额定电压高于原始电容的电容，因为它只会在电路中根据需要进行充电和放电。
为安全起见，除非您知道电路设计用于处理电路，否则永远不要选择电压较低的电压。
如果它们相似，则在通孔电容器上不同的引线间距在大多数情况下并不是有害的，因为引线可以***纵以适合。
这需要由用户根据具体情况确定。
如果电容器是表面贴装，请务必测量间距，以使焊盘与电路板对齐。
既然已经定义了所有必要的规格，请观看下面的视频，了解如何在Digi-Key的网站上穿过电容器。
有一些提示和技巧可以帮助简化用户的搜索工作，也可以浏览网站。



以下为原文

Typical surface mount aluminum electrolytic capacitor
Anyone doing board-level troubleshooting typically starts out by checking the capacitors. Capacitors are the most commonly occurring electronic component used within the industry. While there are many types, shapes, sizes, and specifications, this article will focus on aluminum electrolytic capacitors and how to properly cross them.
The first step to finding a cross is identifying the bad capacitor, and correctly reading the specifications printed on the top or side of the capacitor. Most, if not all, will have the capacitance, voltage, some sort of manufacturer marking, and a designator for the negative lead/pad if polarized.
Capacitance is denoted as μF on aluminum electrolytic capacitors whether it’s labeled or not. The voltage will sometimes be labeled “V”, clarifying what the number is. Surface mount will often have a code to represent the voltage. Please click here for more information on how to decipher these codes. One other piece of information that might be given is the temperature rating in degrees Celsius. It can visually be deciphered if the capacitor is through-hole, with wire leads protruding from the bottom (or each side if axial), or surface mount if there are pads on the bottom of the component.
One issue people often run into when crossing these is that they do not select a range of voltages. It is ok to select a capacitor with a higher voltage rating than the original, as it will only charge and discharge as necessary in the circuit. To be safe, never select one with a lower voltage unless you know the circuit is designed to handle it.
Differing lead spacing on a through-hole capacitor isn’t detrimental in most scenarios if they are similar, because the leads can be manipulated to fit. This needs to be determined by the user on a case-by-case scenario. If the capacitor is surface mount, make sure to measure the spacing so the pads line up with the board.
Now that all the necessary specifications have been defined, please watch the video below for a demonstration of how to cross a capacitor on Digi-Key’s website. There are a few tips and tricks that will help ease the user’s search efforts in general, and just navigating the website as well.