一、简介
LittleFS是一个小型的Flash文件系统,它结合日志结构(log-structured)文件系统和COW(copy-on-write)文件系统的思想,以日志结构存储元数据,以COW结构存储数据。这种特殊的存储方式,使LittleFS具有强大的掉电恢复能力(power-loss resilience)。分配COW数据块时LittleFS采用了名为统计损耗均衡的动态损耗均衡算法,使Flash设备的寿命得到有效保障。同时LittleFS针对资源紧缺的小型设备进行设计,具有极其有限的ROM和RAM占用,并且所有RAM的使用都通过一个可配置的固定大小缓冲区进行分配,不会随文件系统的扩大占据更多的系统资源。当在一个资源非常紧缺的小型设备上,寻找一个具有掉电恢复能力并支持损耗均衡的Flash文件系统时,LittleFS是一个比较好的选择。
LittleFS在嵌入式开发过程中经常遇到,但是如何在OpenHarmony中使用呢?本文基于OpenHarmony 3.1Release + 小凌派-RK2206开发板做LittleFS文件系统移植,现将相关移植经验发布,分享给大家。文中如有问题,请大家帮忙指正。
二、LittleFS移植过程
本文基于OpenHarmony3.1Release做LittleFS移植,小凌派-RK2206开发板内部Flash有8MB大小,其中4~8MB区间为空闲区域。我将4M~5M作为LittleFS文件系统的/data目录挂载硬件设备。具体移植过程主要如下所示:
1、hcs配置
1.1、hdf.hcs
创建/device/soc/rockchip/rk2206/hcs_config/hdf.hcs文件,具体如下:
- #include "device_info/device_info.hcs"
- #include "fs/fs_config.hcs"
- #include "gpio/gpio_config.hcs"
- #include "i2c/i2c_config.hcs"
- #include "spi/spi_config.hcs"
- root {
- module = "rockchip,rk2206_chip";
- }
复制代码
如上所述,我将在device_info/device_info.hcs添加LittleFS设备,并在fs/fs_config.hcs添加LittleFS具体信息。
1.2、BUILD.gn
新建//device/soc/rockchip/rk2206/hdf_config/BUILD.gn,具体代码如下所示:
- import("//drivers/adapter/khdf/liteos_m/hdf.gni")
- module_switch = defined(LOSCFG_DRIVERS_HDF)
- module_name = get_path_info(rebase_path("."), "name")
- hdf_driver(module_name) {
- hcs_sources = [ "hdf.hcs" ]
- }
复制代码上述代码将在编译OpenHarmony3.1Rlease时,将编译hdf.hcs。
1.3、device_info.hcs
创建/device/soc/rockchip/rk2206/hcs_config/device_info/device_info.hcs文件,在文件中添加LittleFS设备,具体代码如下所示:
- device_fs :: device {
- device0 :: deviceNode {
- policy = 0;
- priority = 5;
- permission = 0777;
- moduleName = "HDF_PLATFORM_FS_LITTLEFS";
- serviceName = "littlefs_config";
- deviceMatchAttr = "rockchip_rk2206_fs_littlefs";
- }
- }
复制代码上述代码表示建设一个设备驱动,该驱动的模块名称(即moduleName)为“HDF_PLATFORM_FS_LITTLEFS”,OpenHamrony系统依据该名称匹配驱动程序;设备匹配信息(即deviceMatchAttr)添加小凌派开发板Flash特殊信息(比如:分区信息,挂载目录名、起始地址、结束地址等)。
1.4、fs_config.hcs新建//device/soc/rockchip/rk2206/hdf_config/fs/fs_config.hcs文件,该文件主要写清楚设备挂载信息,具体如下:
- root {
- platform {
- fs_config {
- template fs_controller {
- match_attr = "";
- mount_points = [];
- block_size = [];
- block_start = [];
- block_count = [];
- }
- fs_littefs :: fs_controller {
- match_attr = "rockchip_rk2206_fs_littlefs";
- mount_points = ["/data"];
- block_size = [4096];
- block_start = [1024];
- block_count = [256];
- }
- }
- }
- }
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(1)points:挂载目录。
(2)block_size:Flash的擦除块大小。
(3)block_start:该挂载Flash区域的起始块地址,实际Flash地址为block_size * block_start。
(4)block_count:该挂载Flash区域的存储块总数。
注意:match_attr所表示的字符串要与device_info.hcs所表示的字符串要一致。
2、hdf驱动
新建//device/soc/rockchip/rk2206/hdf_driver/fs文件夹,文件夹下创建2个文件,具体如下所示:
2.1、fs_driver.c
2.1.1、添加必要的头文件
- #include <sys/mount.h>
- #include <string.h>
- #include "los_config.h"
- #include "hdf_log.h"
- #include "hdf_device_desc.h"
- #include "device_resource_if.h"
- #include "osal_mem.h"
- #include "lfs_api.h"
复制代码 2.1.2、添加HDF驱动添加LittleFS匹配的hdf驱动,具体代码如下所示:
- static struct HdfDriverEntry g_fsDriverEntry = {
- .moduleVersion = 1,
- .moduleName = "HDF_PLATFORM_FS_LITTLEFS",
- .Bind = fs_driver_bind,
- .Init = fs_driver_init,
- .Release = fs_driver_release,
- };
复制代码HDF_INIT(g_fsDriverEntry);
其中,moduleName必须要与device_info.hcs中的moduleName保持一致。
2.1.3、fs_driver_init函数fs_driver_init为hdf驱动加载函数。OpenHarmony启动时,将根据hcs的编写匹配对应的驱动程序,并运行fs_driver_init函数。该函数负责:
(1)读取hcs文件的配置参数。
(2)初始化Flash。
(3)适配LittleFS对应的read、write、erase和sync函数,并适配LittleFS相关参数。
(4)挂载LittleFS。
具体代码如下所示:
- static int32_t fs_driver_init(struct HdfDeviceObject *device)
- {
- int result;
- int32_t ret;
- struct FileOpInfo *file_op_info = NULL;
- if (device == NULL) {
- PRINT_ERR("device is nulln");
- return HDF_ERR_INVALID_OBJECT;
- }
- if (device->property == NULL)
- {
- PRINT_ERR("device is nulln");
- return HDF_ERR_INVALID_OBJECT;
- }
- /* Flash设备初始化 */
- FlashInit();
- /* 读取hcs参数 */
- ret = fs_driver_readdrs(device->property, &m_fs_cfg[0]);
- if (ret != HDF_SUCCESS)
- {
- PRINT_ERR("%s: fs_driver_readdrs failed(%d)n", ret);
- return ret;
- }
-
- /* 适配LitteleFS对应的函数和参数 */
- for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(m_fs_cfg) / sizeof(m_fs_cfg[0]); i++) {
- if (m_fs_cfg[i].mount_point == NULL)
- {
- PRINT_LOG("m_fs_cfg[%d].mount_point is nulln", i);
- continue;
- }
- m_fs_cfg[i].lfs_cfg.read = flash_littlefs_read;
- m_fs_cfg[i].lfs_cfg.prog = flash_littlefs_write;
- m_fs_cfg[i].lfs_cfg.erase = flash_littlefs_erase;
- m_fs_cfg[i].lfs_cfg.sync = flash_littlefs_sync;
- m_fs_cfg[i].lfs_cfg.read_size = 4;
- m_fs_cfg[i].lfs_cfg.prog_size = 4;
- m_fs_cfg[i].lfs_cfg.cache_size = 256;
- m_fs_cfg[i].lfs_cfg.lookahead_size = 64;
- m_fs_cfg[i].lfs_cfg.block_cycles = 1000;
- m_fs_cfg[i].lfs_cfg.file_max = LFS_FILE_MAX;
- m_fs_cfg[i].lfs_cfg.name_max = LFS_NAME_MAX;
-
- /* 准备挂载 */
- result = SetDefaultMountPath(i, m_fs_cfg[i].mount_point);
- if (result != VFS_OK)
- {
- PRINT_ERR("SetDefaultMountPath(%d, %d) failed(%d)n", i, m_fs_cfg[i].mount_point, result);
- continue;
- }
-
- /* 挂载目录 */
- result = mount(NULL, m_fs_cfg[i].mount_point, "littlefs", 0, &m_fs_cfg[i].lfs_cfg);
- printf("%s: mount fs on '%s' %sn", __func__, m_fs_cfg[i].mount_point, (result == 0) ? "succeed" : "failed");
- if (CheckPathIsMounted(m_fs_cfg[i].mount_point, &file_op_info) == TRUE) {
- int lfs_ret = lfs_mkdir(&file_op_info->lfsInfo, m_fs_cfg[i].mount_point);
- if (lfs_ret == LFS_ERR_OK) {
- PRINT_LOG("create root dir(%s) success.n", m_fs_cfg[i].mount_point);
- } else if (lfs_ret == LFS_ERR_EXIST) {
- PRINT_LOG("root dir(%s) exist.n", m_fs_cfg[i].mount_point);
- } else {
- PRINT_LOG("create root dir(%s) failed.", m_fs_cfg[i].mount_point);
- }
- }
- }
-
- return HDF_SUCCESS;
- }
复制代码 2.2、BUILD.gn
BUILD.gn负责将fs_driver.c编译到内核中,具体源代码如下所示:
- import("//drivers/adapter/khdf/liteos_m/hdf.gni")
- module_switch = defined(LOSCFG_SOC_SERIES_RK22XX) && defined(LOSCFG_DRIVERS_HDF_PLATFORM) && defined(LOSCFG_FS_LITTLEFS)
- module_name = get_path_info(rebase_path("."), "name")
- hdf_driver(module_name) {
- sources = [
- "fs_driver.c",
- ]
- include_dirs = [ "." ]
- }
复制代码 3、测试程序
我在main函数中添加一个任务,负责每隔5秒读写文件。具体代码如下所示:
- /* 文件系统测试 */
- static void file_rw()
- {
- static unsigned int cur = 0;
- char file_name[] = "/data/a.txt";
- int fd_w, fd_r;
- unsigned char buffer[256];
- /* 写操作 */
- fd_w = open(file_name, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT);
- if (fd_w == -1)
- {
- printf("write: %s open failed!n", file_name);
- return;
- }
- memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
- snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "Hello World and %dn", cur++);
- printf("write: %s", buffer);
- write(fd_w, buffer, strlen(buffer));
- close(fd_w);
- /* 读操作 */
- fd_r = open(file_name, O_RDONLY);
- if (fd_r == -1)
- {
- printf("read: %s open failed!n", file_name);
- return;
- }
- lseek(fd_r, 0, SEEK_SET);
- memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
- read(fd_r, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
- printf("read: %s", buffer);
- close(fd_r);
- }
- static void IotProcess(void *arg)
- {
- static const unsigned int SLEEP_MAXSEC = 5;
-
- while (1)
- {
- printf("%s: sleep %d sec!n", __func__, SLEEP_MAXSEC);
-
- /* 文件系统测试 */
- file_rw();
-
- LOS_Msleep(SLEEP_MAXSEC * 1000);
- }
- }
复制代码
三、实验结果
程序编译烧写到开发板后,按下开发板的RESET按键,通过串口软件查看日志如下:
- [MAIN:D]Main: OpenHarmony start schedule...
- Entering scheduler
- IotProcess: sleep 5 sec!
- write: Hello World and 0
- read: Hello World and 0
- IotProcess: sleep 5 sec!
- write: Hello World and 1
- read: Hello World and 1
- IotProcess: sleep 5 sec!
- write: Hello World and 2
- read: Hello World and 2
- ......
复制代码